农药对伊朗法萨农民健康的影响。
The impacts of pesticides on the health of farmers in Fasa, Iran.
作者信息
Zare Sajad, Behzadi Mehdi, Tarzanan Mohsen, Mohamadi Masome Beik, Omidi Leila, Heydarabadi Akbar Babaei, Kazemi Somayeh
机构信息
Ph.D. Candidate of Occupational Health Engineering, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
B.Sc. of Occupational Health Engineering, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
出版信息
Electron Physician. 2015 Aug 10;7(4):1168-73. doi: 10.14661/2015.1168-1173. eCollection 2015 Aug.
BACKGROUND
With the growing global population, it is becoming increasingly difficult to ignore the demands for food and energy. A major portion of the food and energy is produced via agriculture and livestock activities. The objectives of this research are to gather information regarding the demographic features of farmers, previous poisoning, and the extent of farmers' knowledge in the use of pesticides and associated hazards in different counties and villages in Fasa, a city located in the Fars province of Iran.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study was carried out from March to July 2012 in the Nobandegan and Sheshdeh counties, and villages including Miandeh, Fedshkuyeh, Senan, Rahimabad, and other places in the Fasa suburban countryside. To collect data, an appropriate questionnaire was designed and implemented.
RESULTS
A total of 200 farmers participated in the study. We found that 55% of farmers were illiterate. Approximately 86% of used pesticides were organophosphorus compounds. Around 30% of the farmers used no protective equipment while working with pesticides, and only 22% of farmers had read and understood the instructions on the pesticide containers.
CONCLUSION
Given the toxicity and hazards of pesticides and their adverse effects on farmers' health, effective measures should be adopted to decrease the amount of pesticides used. Conducting training programs for farmers may help to reduce pesticide exposure risks.
背景
随着全球人口的增长，忽视对食物和能源的需求变得越来越困难。大部分食物和能源是通过农业和畜牧业活动生产的。本研究的目的是收集有关伊朗法尔斯省法萨市不同县和村庄农民的人口统计学特征、既往中毒情况以及农民在使用农药和相关危害方面的知识程度的信息。
方法
这项横断面研究于2012年3月至7月在诺班德根县和谢什德县以及法萨市郊农村的包括米安德、费德什库耶、塞南、拉希马巴德等村庄开展。为收集数据，设计并实施了一份合适的问卷。
结果
共有200名农民参与了该研究。我们发现55%的农民是文盲。大约86%使用的农药是有机磷化合物。约30%的农民在使用农药时不使用防护设备，只有22%的农民阅读并理解了农药容器上的说明。
结论
鉴于农药的毒性和危害及其对农民健康的不利影响，应采取有效措施减少农药使用量。为农民开展培训项目可能有助于降低农药接触风险。
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