Dion Robert A
Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2015 Nov;150(5):1040-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2015.08.048. Epub 2015 Aug 20.
The tricuspid valve has been recently referred to as the "forgotten valve," because one now realizes that tricuspid regurgitation is bad for the patient and that reoperation for progressive tricuspid regurgitation after a left-sided valvular correction still carries a high mortality risk. However, the indication for concomitant tricuspid valve repair during a mitral valve repair procedure is still controversial, as illustrated by the reaction of Dr T. David to the presentation of Dr Chikwe and colleagues at the 2015 American Association for Thoracic Surgery meeting. One of the explanations for these divergent opinions could be that tricuspid regurgitation grading is largely unreliable because of the dependence of the right ventricle on the preload and of the discrepancy between clinical and hemodynamic data. Therefore, we need a parameter that does not depend on preload. An annular dilation of 40 mm or 21 mm/m(2) has been proposed and validated by many authors. The preoperative functional class also plays a major role. Tricuspid regurgitation is a progressive disease, but the presence of a concomitant mitral valve disease may aggravate annular dilation; therefore, the earlier we operate on the mitral valve, the less frequently patients will require concomitant tricuspid valve repair.
三尖瓣最近被称为“被遗忘的瓣膜”,因为现在人们认识到三尖瓣反流对患者有害,而且在左侧瓣膜矫正术后因进行性三尖瓣反流而再次手术仍具有较高的死亡风险。然而,二尖瓣修复手术中同期进行三尖瓣修复的指征仍存在争议,正如T. 大卫博士对奇克韦博士及其同事在2015年美国胸外科医师协会会议上的报告的反应所表明的那样。这些不同观点的一个解释可能是,由于右心室对前负荷的依赖性以及临床数据和血流动力学数据之间的差异,三尖瓣反流分级在很大程度上不可靠。因此,我们需要一个不依赖于前负荷的参数。许多作者已经提出并验证了40毫米或21毫米/平方米的瓣环扩张标准。术前功能分级也起着重要作用。三尖瓣反流是一种进行性疾病,但合并二尖瓣疾病可能会加重瓣环扩张;因此,我们对二尖瓣手术越早,患者需要同期进行三尖瓣修复的频率就越低。