Almeida Domingos Pf, Carvalho Rita, Dupille Eve
Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
Food Sci Technol Int. 2016 Jul;22(5):399-409. doi: 10.1177/1082013215610026. Epub 2015 Oct 5.
Alternatives are needed for long-term preservation of European pears (Pyrus communis L.) after the ban on diphenylamine. "Rocha" pear fruit harvested at commercial maturity were treated with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-methylcyclopropene, SmartFresh™) and diphenylamine and stored at 0 ℃, 90-95% relative humidity, under normal atmosphere for up to six months or under controlled atmosphere (controlled atmosphere, 3 kPa O2 + 0.7 kPa CO2) for up to 9.4 months. At 312 nl l(-1), 1-methylcyclopropene reduced softening and yellowing, and increased soluble solids content during shelf life in comparison with fruit treated with diphenylamine. 1-Methylcyclopropene at 312 nl l(-1) was also more effective than diphenylamine in reducing superficial scald and internal browning disorders. 1-Methylcyclopropene at 150 nl l(-1) had little effect on ripening-related changes but was effective against physiological disorders of pears stored in regular atmosphere or under controlled atmosphere. Delayed controlled atmosphere slightly reduced internal browning disorders but increased superficial scald. 1-Methylcyclopropene at 312 nl l(-1) reduced physiological disorders in "Rocha" pear under refrigerated storage and delayed ripening-related softening and color changes during shelf life. At 150 nl l(-1), 1-methylcyclopropene is as effective as diphenylamine against storage disorders without ripening impairment.
在二苯胺被禁用后，需要寻找欧洲梨（Pyrus communis L.）长期保存的替代方法。将商业成熟时采收的“罗查”梨果实用1-甲基环丙烯（1-methylcyclopropene，SmartFresh™）和二苯胺处理，在0℃、相对湿度90 - 95%的正常大气条件下储存长达6个月，或在控制气氛（3 kPa O₂ + 0.7 kPa CO₂）下储存长达9.4个月。与用二苯胺处理的果实相比，在312 nl l⁻¹时，1-甲基环丙烯在货架期内减少了果实软化和变黄，并提高了可溶性固形物含量。在312 nl l⁻¹时，1-甲基环丙烯在减少表面烫伤和内部褐变病害方面也比二苯胺更有效。150 nl l⁻¹的1-甲基环丙烯对与成熟相关的变化影响很小，但对在正常大气或控制气氛下储存的梨的生理病害有效。延迟控制气氛略微减少了内部褐变病害，但增加了表面烫伤。312 nl l⁻¹的1-甲基环丙烯减少了冷藏储存的“罗查”梨的生理病害，并在货架期内延迟了与成熟相关的软化和颜色变化。在150 nl l⁻¹时，1-甲基环丙烯在不影响成熟的情况下，对储存病害的防治效果与二苯胺相当。
