Bailey Zinzi D, Williams David R, Kawachi Ichiro, Okechukwu Cassandra A
Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Montreal Health Equity Research Consortium, Institute of Health and Social Policy, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Prev Med. 2015 Dec;81:380-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.09.015. Epub 2015 Oct 9.
The United States has the unenviable distinction of having both the highest obesity rate among Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) member countries and the highest incarceration rate in the world. Further, both are socially patterned by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic position. Incarceration involves various health behaviors that could influence adult weight trajectory.
We evaluated the associations between history and duration of adult incarceration and weight gain using the National Survey of American Life (N=6082 adults residing in the 48 contiguous states between February 2001 and March 2003). We propensity score-matched individuals to control for the probability of having a history of incarceration. To examine the relation between prior incarceration and adult weight gain, we fit gender-stratified generalized estimating equations controlling for propensity of incarceration history, age, education, income, race/ethnicity, and marital status.
For males (N=563), incarceration was associated with about a 1.77 kg/m(2) lower gain in body mass index (BMI) during adulthood, after adjusting for age, education, income, race/ethnicity, and marital status in addition to the propensity of having a history of incarceration (95% CI: -2.63, -0.92). For females (N=286), no significant overall relationship was found between a history of incarceration and adult weight gain. In subgroup analyses among those with an incarceration history, we found no overall association between duration of incarceration and adult weight gain in men or women. In sensitivity analyses, neither tobacco smoking nor parity changed the results.
The results of this study indicate that incarceration is associated with a lower transition of weight gain in males, but not in females..
美国在经济合作与发展组织(OECD)成员国中拥有最高的肥胖率,同时在全球拥有最高的监禁率,这一情况令人堪忧。此外,肥胖率和监禁率在种族/族裔以及社会经济地位方面都呈现出社会模式。监禁涉及多种可能影响成年人体重轨迹的健康行为。
我们利用美国生活全国调查(2001年2月至2003年3月期间居住在48个相邻州的6082名成年人)评估了成人监禁史和监禁时长与体重增加之间的关联。我们采用倾向得分匹配法来控制有监禁史的概率。为了研究既往监禁与成人体重增加之间的关系,我们拟合了按性别分层的广义估计方程,控制了监禁史倾向、年龄、教育程度、收入、种族/族裔以及婚姻状况。
对于男性(N = 563),在调整年龄、教育程度、收入、种族/族裔、婚姻状况以及有监禁史的倾向后,监禁与成年期体重指数(BMI)增加降低约1.77kg/m²相关(95%CI:-2.63,-0.92)。对于女性(N = 286),未发现监禁史与成人体重增加之间存在显著的总体关系。在有监禁史者的亚组分析中,我们未发现男性或女性的监禁时长与成人体重增加之间存在总体关联。在敏感性分析中,吸烟和生育情况均未改变结果。
本研究结果表明,监禁与男性体重增加的转变较低相关,但与女性无关。