Yin Yaobin, Tian Wen, Zhao Junhui, Tian Guanglei
Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2014 Jul;28(7):835-9.
To study the causes and treatment of postoperative deviation secondary to thumb duplication resection.
Between February 2007 and June 2013, 32 cases (33 thumbs) of postoperative deviation secondary to thumb duplication resection were treated, and the clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. There were 13 males and 19 females, aged 2-34 years (median, 8 years). The left thumbs were involved in 7 cases, the right thumbs in 24 cases, and bilateral thumbs in 1 case. Of 33 thumbs, 2 were rated as type II, 4 as type III, 10 as type IV, 7 as type V, and 10 as type VII according to Wassel classification. The average time between duplicated thumb resection and admission was 6.5 years (range, 1-29 years). Nine thumbs only had ulnar deviation of the metacarpophalangeal (MP) joint; 8 thumbs only had radial deviation of the interphalangeal (IP) joint; 10 thumbs only had ulnar deviation of the IP joint; and 6 thumbs had ulnar deviation of the MP joint combined with radial deviation of the IP joint. The mean deviation degree of the MP joint was 32.3 (range, 20-40*), and the mean deviation degree of the IP joint was 42.5° (range, 30-110°). Operation methods were chosen specially according to the deformity, including remnant bone or cartilage resection, restoring normal alignment, and soft tissue balance.
All wounds got first stage healing and there was no complication associated with operation. Postoperative follow-up period ranged from 6 to 70 months (mean, 34 months). The skeleton alignment of the thumbs was improved on the X-ray images; all osteotomy got union at 5-10 weeks (mean, 6 weeks). Deviation was completely corrected in 31 thumbs; the preoperative deviation degree was too large to correct completely in 2 thumbs with a postoperative deviation degree of 10°. The motion degree was similar to that at preoperation in 13 thumbs; the motion degree decreased in 20 thumbs, which did not affect the function of the thumbs. Nineteen cases (20 thumbs) were followed more than 2 years, there was no recurrence of deviation and all thumbs developed well, but the size of affected thumb was smaller than that of the contralateral side in 14 cases (14 thumbs).
Getting good result and preventing postoperative deviation for thumb duplication resection acquires appropriate preoperative design, reconstruction of the insertion of the abductor poll icis brevis, transposition of the flexor and extensor pollicis longus insertion, and essential osteotomy play important roles in preventing postoperative deviation after thumb duplication resection. Individualized treatment plan for deviation should be made according to the degree and the cause of deviation.
探讨拇指重复畸形切除术后继发畸形的原因及治疗方法。
回顾性分析2007年2月至2013年6月收治的32例(33指)拇指重复畸形切除术后继发畸形患者的临床资料。其中男13例,女19例,年龄2~34岁(中位数8岁)。左侧拇指7例,右侧拇指24例,双侧拇指1例。33指中,按Wassel分类,Ⅱ型2指,Ⅲ型4指,Ⅳ型10指,Ⅴ型7指,Ⅶ型10指。拇指重复畸形切除至入院平均时间6.5年(1~29年)。单纯掌指关节尺偏9指;单纯指间关节桡偏8指;单纯指间关节尺偏10指;掌指关节尺偏合并指间关节桡偏6指。掌指关节平均偏斜度32.3°(20°~40°),指间关节平均偏斜度42.5°(30°~110°)。根据畸形情况选择特殊的手术方法,包括残留骨或软骨切除、恢复正常对线及软组织平衡。
所有伤口均一期愈合,无手术相关并发症。术后随访6~70个月(平均34个月)。X线片示拇指骨骼对线改善;所有截骨均在5~10周(平均6周)愈合。31指畸形完全矫正;2指术前畸形程度过大,术后残留10°畸形。13指活动度与术前相似;20指活动度下降,但不影响拇指功能。19例(20指)随访2年以上,畸形无复发,拇指发育良好,但14例(14指)患侧拇指较健侧小。
拇指重复畸形切除要获得良好效果并预防术后畸形,术前需合理设计,重建拇短展肌止点、拇长伸肌和拇长屈肌止点转位及必要的截骨,对预防术后畸形起重要作用。应根据畸形程度及原因制定个体化的治疗方案。