Hudson Matthew, Nicholson Toby, Ellis Rob, Bach Patric
Department of Psychology, University of Plymouth, UK.
Department of Psychology, University of Plymouth, UK.
Cognition. 2016 Jan;146:245-50. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2015.09.021. Epub 2015 Nov 9.
We investigated whether top-down expectations about an actor's intentions affect action perception in a representational momentum (RM) paradigm. Participants heard an actor declare an intention to either take or leave an object and then saw him either reach for or withdraw from it, such that action and intention were either congruent or incongruent. Observers generally misperceived the hand's disappearance point further along the trajectory than it actually was, in line with the idea that action perception incorporates predictions of the action's future course. Importantly, this RM effect was larger for actions congruent with the actor's goals than for incongruent actions. These results demonstrate that action prediction integrates both current motion and top-down knowledge about the actor's intention. They support recent theories that emphasise the role of prior expectancies and prediction errors in social (and non-social) cognitive processing.
我们研究了关于行为者意图的自上而下的预期是否会在表征动量（RM）范式中影响动作感知。参与者听到一个行为者宣称要么拿走要么留下一个物体的意图，然后看到他要么伸手去拿要么从物体处缩回，这样动作和意图要么一致要么不一致。观察者通常会在轨迹上比实际情况更远的地方错误感知手的消失点，这与动作感知包含对动作未来进程的预测这一观点相符。重要的是，这种RM效应在与行为者目标一致的动作中比在不一致的动作中更大。这些结果表明动作预测整合了当前的动作以及关于行为者意图的自上而下的知识。它们支持了最近强调先验预期和预测误差在社会（和非社会）认知加工中作用的理论。
