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在饱和多孔介质中黄原胶稳定的微尺度零价铁颗粒的传输和保留。

Transport and retention of xanthan gum-stabilized microscale zero-valent iron particles in saturated porous media.

机构信息

Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.

Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.

出版信息

Water Res. 2016 Jan 1;88:199-206. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.10.005. Epub 2015 Oct 22.

Abstract

Microscale zero valent iron (mZVI) is a promising material for in-situ contaminated groundwater remediation. However, its usefulness has been usually inhibited by mZVI particles' low mobility in saturated porous media for sedimentation and deposition. In our study, laboratory experiments, including sedimentation studies, rheological measurements and transport tests, were conducted to investigate the feasibility of xanthan gum (XG) being used as a coating agent for mZVI particle stabilization. In addition, the effects of XG concentration, flow rate, grain diameter and water chemistry on XG-coated mZVI (XG-mZVI) particle mobility were explored by analyzing its breakthrough curves and retention profiles. It was demonstrated that XG worked efficiently to enhance the suspension stability and mobility of mZVI particles through the porous media as a shear thinning fluid, especially at a higher concentration level (3 g/L). The results of the column study showed that the mobility of XG-mZVI particles increased with an increasing flow rate and larger grain diameter. At the highest flow rate (2.30 × 10(-3) m/s) within the coarsest porous media (0.8-1.2 mm), 86.52% of the XG-mZVI flowed through the column. At the lowest flow rate (0.97 × 10(-4) m/s) within the finest porous media (0.3-0.6 mm), the retention was dramatically strengthened, with only 48.22% of the particles flowing through the column. The XG-mZVI particles appeared to be easily trapped at the beginning of the column especially at a low flow rate. In terms of two representative water chemistry parameters (ion strength and pH value), no significant influence on XG-mZVI particle mobility was observed. The experimental results suggested that straining was the primary mechanism of XG-mZVI retention under saturated condition. Given the above results, the specific site-related conditions should be taken into consideration for the design of a successful delivery system to achieve a compromise between maximizing the radius of influence of the injection and minimizing the injection pressure.

摘要

微纳米零价铁(mZVI)是一种很有前途的原位地下水修复材料。然而,由于 mZVI 颗粒在饱和多孔介质中因沉降和沉积而导致的低迁移率,其应用受到了限制。在我们的研究中,通过沉降研究、流变测量和运移试验,进行了实验室实验,以研究黄原胶(XG)作为 mZVI 颗粒稳定化的涂层剂的可行性。此外,通过分析穿透曲线和保留曲线,探讨了 XG 浓度、流速、粒径和水化学对 XG 包覆 mZVI(XG-mZVI)颗粒迁移率的影响。结果表明,XG 作为一种剪切变稀流体,通过多孔介质有效地增强了 mZVI 颗粒的悬浮稳定性和迁移率,特别是在较高浓度水平(3 g/L)下。柱试验结果表明,XG-mZVI 颗粒的迁移率随流速和粒径的增大而增大。在最粗的多孔介质(0.8-1.2 毫米)中流速最高(2.30×10(-3) m/s)时,86.52%的 XG-mZVI 通过了柱子。在流速最低(0.97×10(-4) m/s)、最细的多孔介质(0.3-0.6 毫米)中,保留作用明显增强,只有 48.22%的颗粒通过柱子。XG-mZVI 颗粒在柱子的起始部分似乎很容易被截留,尤其是在低流速下。就两种有代表性的水化学参数(离子强度和 pH 值)而言,对 XG-mZVI 颗粒迁移率没有明显影响。实验结果表明,在饱和条件下,XG-mZVI 的截留主要是筛滤机制。鉴于上述结果,在设计成功的输送系统时,应考虑特定的现场相关条件,在最大限度地扩大注入半径和最小化注入压力之间取得平衡。

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