Li Yu, Zhang Bin, Cheng Huansheng, Zheng Jianming
Applied Ion Beam Physics Laboratory (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
PLoS One. 2015 Nov 4;10(11):e0139970. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139970. eCollection 2015.
In June 2012, the Piaoshan kiln site was excavated in Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, which hitherto proved to be the earliest known Chinese proto-porcelain kiln. Judging from the decorative patterns of unearthed impressed stoneware and proto-porcelain sherds, the site was determined to date to the late Xia (c. 2070-c. 1600 BC), the first dynasty of China. Here, we report on proton-induced X-ray emission analyses of 118 proto-porcelain and 35 impressed stoneware sherds from Piaoshan and five subsequent kiln sites in the vicinity. Using principal components analysis on the major chemical compositions, we reveal the relationships between impressed stoneware and proto-porcelain samples from the six kiln sites. The sherds from different sites have distinctive chemical profiles. The results indicate that the raw materials were procured locally. We find a developmental tendency for early glazes towards mature calcium-based glaze. It is most likely that woody plant ashes with increased calcia-potash ratios were applied to the formula.
2012年6月，浙江湖州的瓢山窑址被发掘，该窑址迄今被证明是中国已知最早的原始瓷窑。从出土的印纹硬陶和原始瓷碎片的装饰图案判断，该窑址的年代被确定为中国第一个朝代夏朝晚期（约公元前2070年 - 约公元前1600年）。在此，我们报告了对来自瓢山及附近五个后续窑址的118件原始瓷和35件印纹硬陶碎片进行质子激发X射线发射分析的结果。通过对主要化学成分进行主成分分析，我们揭示了六个窑址的印纹硬陶和原始瓷样品之间的关系。不同窑址的碎片具有独特的化学特征。结果表明原材料是就地取材的。我们发现早期釉料有向成熟钙基釉发展的趋势。很可能是在配方中使用了氧化钙 - 氧化钾比例增加的木本植物灰。
