Kanesarajah Jeeva, Waller M, Zheng W Y, Dobson A J
School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
School of Aviation, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
J R Army Med Corps. 2016 Oct;162(5):366-372. doi: 10.1136/jramc-2015-000484. Epub 2015 Nov 13.
Unit cohesion has been shown to bolster the mental health of military personnel; hence, it is important to identify the characteristics that are associated with low unit cohesion, so that interventions to improve unit cohesion can be targeted and implemented. Little is known about the factors associated with low unit cohesion. This research aims to identify demographic, military service and deployment factors associated with low unit cohesion.
Data from a self-reported cross-sectional study of 11 411 current or ex-serving Australian military personnel deployed to Iraq or Afghanistan between 2001 and 2009 were used. Multivariable logistic regression was used to investigate the research aims.
Being female (adjusted OR (aOR) (95% CI) 1.35 (1.21 to 1.51)), non-commissioned officer (aOR (95% CI) 1.50 (1.39 to 1.62)), lower ranked (aOR (95% CI) 1.74 (1.51 to 2.01)) or having left military service (aOR (95% CI) 1.71 (1.46 to 2.02)) was associated with reporting low unit cohesion. Potentially modifiable factors such as performing logistic roles on deployment (aOR (95% CI) 1.13 (1.01 to 1.27)), dissatisfaction with work experience on deployment such as working with colleagues who did not do what was expected of them (aOR (95% CI) 4.09 (3.61 to 4.64)), and major problems at home while deployed (aOR (95% CI) 1.50 (1.38 to 1.63)) were also associated with reporting low unit cohesion.
This is the first study to identify demographic, military service and deployment factors associated with low unit cohesion. The modifiable nature of unit cohesion means that military leaders could use this information to identify subgroups for targeted resilience interventions that may reduce vulnerabilities to mental health problems and improve the job satisfaction, preparedness and deployment experiences of serving members.
单位凝聚力已被证明有助于提升军事人员的心理健康；因此，识别与低单位凝聚力相关的特征非常重要，这样才能有针对性地实施提高单位凝聚力的干预措施。目前对于与低单位凝聚力相关的因素知之甚少。本研究旨在识别与低单位凝聚力相关的人口统计学、军事服役和部署因素。
使用了一项对2001年至2009年间被部署到伊拉克或阿富汗的11411名现役或退役军人进行的自报式横断面研究的数据。采用多变量逻辑回归来研究研究目标。
女性（调整后的比值比（aOR）（95%置信区间）为1.35（1.21至1.51））、士官（aOR（95%置信区间）为1.50（1.39至1.62））、军衔较低（aOR（95%置信区间）为1.74（1.51至2.01））或已退伍（aOR（95%置信区间）为1.71（1.46至2.02））与报告低单位凝聚力相关。一些可能可改变的因素，如在部署中担任后勤角色（aOR（95%置信区间）为1.13（1.01至1.27））、对部署期间的工作经历不满，如与未履行期望职责的同事共事（aOR（95%置信区间）为4.09（3.61至4.64））以及在部署期间家中出现重大问题（aOR（95%置信区间）为1.50（1.38至1.63））也与报告低单位凝聚力相关。
这是第一项识别与低单位凝聚力相关的人口统计学、军事服役和部署因素的研究。单位凝聚力的可改变性质意味着军事领导人可以利用这些信息来识别亚组，以便进行有针对性的恢复力干预，这可能会减少心理健康问题的易感性，并提高现役人员的工作满意度、准备情况和部署体验。
