Developments in in situ biorestoration of contaminated soil and groundwater in the Netherlands.

This paper considers the actual state of the art of in-situ biorestoration of contaminated soil and groundwater in the Netherlands. After a description of the relevant research programme, some research projects are described. These concern stimulation of biodegradation by means of venting and circulation of water for addition of oxygen and nutrients. Furthermore, some information about treatment of contaminated soil and groundwater on full scale is given. For groundwater, some activities on research of biological treatment systems for specific pollutants are mentioned.