Barnes S A, Young J W, Bate S T, Neill J C
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, CA, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, CA, USA; Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.
Behav Brain Res. 2016 Mar 1;300:45-55. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.11.035. Epub 2015 Nov 30.
Attentional deficits contribute significantly to the functional disability of schizophrenia patients. The 5-choice continuous performance test (5C-CPT) measures attention in mice, rats, and humans, requiring the discrimination of trial types that either require a response or the inhibition of a response. The 5C-CPT, one version of human continuous performance tests (CPT), enables attentional testing in rodents in a manner consistent with humans. Augmenting the prefrontal cortical dopaminergic system has been proposed as a therapeutic target to attenuate the cognitive disturbances associated with schizophrenia. Using translational behavioural tasks in conjunction with inducing conditions relevant to schizophrenia pathophysiology enable the assessment of pro-attentive properties of compounds that augment dopaminergic activity. Here, using a repeated phencyclidine (PCP) treatment regimen and the 5C-CPT paradigm, we assess the pro-attentive properties of SKF 38393, a dopamine D1 receptor agonist, in rats. We show that repeated PCP treatment induces robust deficits in 5C-CPT performance indicative of impaired attention. Pre-treatment with SKF 38393 partially attenuates the PCP-induced deficits in 5C-CPT performance by reducing false alarm responding and increasing response accuracy. Impaired target detection was still evident in SKF 38393-treated rats however. Thus, augmentation of the dopamine D1 system improves PCP-induces deficits in 5C-CPT performance by selectively reducing aspects of inappropriate responding. These findings provide evidence to support the hypothesis that novel therapies targeting the dopamine D1 receptor system could improve aspects of attentional deficits in schizophrenia patients.
注意力缺陷对精神分裂症患者的功能残疾有显著影响。5选连续操作测试(5C-CPT)用于测量小鼠、大鼠和人类的注意力,要求区分需要做出反应或抑制反应的试验类型。5C-CPT是人类连续操作测试(CPT)的一种版本,能够以与人类一致的方式对啮齿动物进行注意力测试。增强前额叶皮质多巴胺能系统已被提议作为减轻与精神分裂症相关的认知障碍的治疗靶点。结合与精神分裂症病理生理学相关的诱导条件使用转化行为任务,能够评估增强多巴胺能活性的化合物的促注意力特性。在此,我们使用重复苯环己哌啶(PCP)治疗方案和5C-CPT范式,评估多巴胺D1受体激动剂SKF 38393在大鼠中的促注意力特性。我们发现,重复PCP治疗会导致5C-CPT表现出现明显缺陷,表明注意力受损。用SKF 38393预处理可通过减少误报反应并提高反应准确性,部分减轻PCP诱导的5C-CPT表现缺陷。然而,在接受SKF 38393治疗的大鼠中,目标检测受损仍然明显。因此,多巴胺D1系统的增强通过选择性减少不适当反应的方面,改善了PCP诱导的5C-CPT表现缺陷。这些发现为支持以下假设提供了证据:针对多巴胺D1受体系统的新疗法可以改善精神分裂症患者注意力缺陷的某些方面。