Lapuníková B, Lopušná K, Benkóczka T, Golais F, Kúdelová M, Režuchová I
Acta Virol. 2015 Dec;59(4):405-12. doi: 10.4149/av_2015_04_405.
Gammaherpesviruses-encoded replication and transcription activator (Rta) (ORF50) plays an essential role in the initiation of viral lytic gene expression and reactivation from latency. The Rta expression is influenced by many viral and cellular factors, including epigenetic modifications, mainly DNA methylation and histone modifications. Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV-68), belonging to the species Murid herpesvirus (MuHV-4), is widely used as a model to study human gammaherpesvirus infections in vitro as well as in vivo. Recent studies of the MHV-68 Rta promoter revealed the effect of DNA demethylation and histone acetylation, induced by the inhibitor of histone deacetylase trichostatin A (TSA), on the MHV-68 reactivation from latency. Two other strains of MuHV-4, MHV-72 and MHV-4556, possess several unique properties, which distinguish them from strain MHV-68. Recently discovered reduced capacity of MHV-72 and MHV-4556 to reactivate from latency may be related to different methylation/demethylation patterns of the promoter regulatory region of the Rta. Here, we investigated the epigenetic regulation of the Rta promoter of three murine gammaherpesvirus strains, MHV-68, MHV-72 and MHV-4556, during latency and reactivation in vivo. However, we did not find any differences between Rta of MHV-68, MHV-72 and MHV-4556 and its epigenetic regulation during lytic infection, latency and de novo infection after ex vivo and in vivo reactivation induced by TSA. We confirmed that the treatment with TSA successfully induced demethylation of the Rta promoter regions of all three studied strains. Moreover, we have shown that the primary sequence of Rta and its promoter is identical for all three strains.
γ疱疹病毒编码的复制和转录激活因子(Rta)(ORF50)在病毒裂解基因表达的起始以及从潜伏状态重新激活过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。Rta的表达受到许多病毒和细胞因子的影响,包括表观遗传修饰,主要是DNA甲基化和组蛋白修饰。鼠γ疱疹病毒68(MHV-68)属于鼠疱疹病毒(MuHV-4)种,在体外和体内被广泛用作研究人类γ疱疹病毒感染的模型。最近对MHV-68 Rta启动子的研究揭示了组蛋白脱乙酰酶抑制剂曲古抑菌素A(TSA)诱导的DNA去甲基化和组蛋白乙酰化对MHV-68从潜伏状态重新激活的影响。MuHV-4的另外两个毒株,MHV-72和MHV-4556,具有一些独特的特性,这使它们与MHV-68毒株区分开来。最近发现MHV-72和MHV-4556从潜伏状态重新激活的能力降低可能与Rta启动子调控区域不同的甲基化/去甲基化模式有关。在这里,我们研究了三种鼠γ疱疹病毒毒株MHV-68、MHV-72和MHV-4556在体内潜伏和重新激活过程中Rta启动子的表观遗传调控。然而,我们没有发现MHV-68、MHV-72和MHV-4556的Rta及其在裂解感染、潜伏以及TSA体外和体内重新激活后从头感染期间的表观遗传调控之间存在任何差异。我们证实,TSA处理成功诱导了所有三个研究毒株Rta启动子区域的去甲基化。此外,我们已经表明,所有三个毒株的Rta及其启动子的一级序列是相同的。