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利用LIB光谱和生化分析来表征硅对小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)幼苗铅毒性的缓解特性。

LIB spectroscopic and biochemical analysis to characterize lead toxicity alleviative nature of silicon in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings.

作者信息

Tripathi Durgesh Kumar, Singh Vijay Pratap, Prasad Sheo Mohan, Dubey Nawal Kishore, Chauhan Devendra Kumar, Rai Awadesh Kumar

机构信息

Center of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.

Govt. Ramanuj Pratap Singhdev Post Graduate College, Baikunthpur, Korea-497335, Chhattisgarh, India.

出版信息

J Photochem Photobiol B. 2016 Jan;154:89-98. doi: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.11.008. Epub 2015 Nov 26.

Abstract

The responses of wheat seedling treated with silicon (Si; 10 μM) and lead (Pb; 100 μM) for 7 days have been investigated by analyzing growth, Pb uptake, chlorophyll fluorescence, oxidative stress, antioxidants and nutrients regulation. Results indicated that, Pb significantly (P<0.05) declined growth of seedlings which was accompanied by uptake of Pb. Under Pb stress, fluorescence parameters: Fv/Fm ratio and qP were significantly (P<0.05) decreased while NPQ was increased. Si addition alleviated Pb-induced decrease in growth and alterations in photosynthesis, and also significantly (P<0.05) lowered Pb uptake. Under Pb treatment, oxidative stress markers: hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation were enhanced while DPPH(•) scavenging capacity and total phenolic compounds (TPCs) were decreased significantly, however, Si addition improved the status of antioxidants. The non-protein thiols (NP-SH) showed enhanced level under Pb stress. Pb stress considerably disturbed status of the nutrients as decrease in Ca, P, Mg, Zn and Ni contents while an increase in K, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Na contents were noticed. Si addition maintained status of all the nutrients remarkably. The quickest method of element analysis: LIBS spectra revealed significantly lower uptake of Pb in seedlings grown under Si and Pb combination and same was correlated with the data of AAS. Overall results pointed out that excess Pb uptake disturbed status of nutrients, photosynthetic performance, antioxidant capacity, hence severe oxidative damage to lipids occurred. Further, Si supplementation successfully regulated these parameters by inhibiting Pb uptake hence maintained growth of wheat seedlings. Similar pattern of data recorded by the LIBS, AAS and ICAP-AES confirmed that LIBS may be one of the promising and authentic tools to monitor the mineral and metal distribution in the plants without hampering or disturbing the environment due to its eco-friendly and non-invasive nature.

摘要

通过分析生长、铅吸收、叶绿素荧光、氧化应激、抗氧化剂和养分调节,研究了用硅(Si;10 μM)和铅(Pb;100 μM)处理7天的小麦幼苗的反应。结果表明,铅显著(P<0.05)降低了幼苗的生长,并伴随着铅的吸收。在铅胁迫下,荧光参数:Fv/Fm比值和qP显著(P<0.05)降低,而NPQ增加。添加硅减轻了铅诱导的生长下降和光合作用变化,并且也显著(P<0.05)降低了铅的吸收。在铅处理下,氧化应激标志物:过氧化氢和脂质过氧化增强,而DPPH(•)清除能力和总酚类化合物(TPCs)显著降低,然而,添加硅改善了抗氧化剂的状态。非蛋白硫醇(NP-SH)在铅胁迫下水平升高。铅胁迫极大地扰乱了养分状态,钙、磷、镁、锌和镍含量降低,而钾、硫、硼、铜、铁、锰和钠含量增加。添加硅显著维持了所有养分的状态。最快的元素分析方法:激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)显示,在硅和铅组合处理下生长的幼苗中铅的吸收显著降低,这与原子吸收光谱(AAS)的数据相关。总体结果指出,过量的铅吸收扰乱了养分状态、光合性能、抗氧化能力,因此对脂质造成了严重的氧化损伤。此外,添加硅通过抑制铅的吸收成功地调节了这些参数,从而维持了小麦幼苗的生长。LIBS、AAS和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICAP-AES)记录的类似数据模式证实,由于其环保和非侵入性的性质,LIBS可能是监测植物中矿物质和金属分布的有前途且可靠的工具之一,不会对环境造成阻碍或干扰。

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