Vinarski Maxim V, Aksenova Olga V, Bespalaya Yulia V, Bolotov Ivan N, Schniebs Katrin, Gofarov Mikhail Yu, Kondakov Alexander V
Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb., 7-9, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation; Museum of Siberian Aquatic Molluscs, Omsk State Pedagogical University, Tukhachevskogo Emb., 14, 644099 Omsk, Russian Federation.
Russian Museum of the Biodiversity Hotspots, Institute of Ecological Problems of the North, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Severnaya Dvina Emb. 23, 163000 Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation.
C R Biol. 2016 Jan;339(1):24-36. doi: 10.1016/j.crvi.2015.11.002. Epub 2015 Dec 22.
The molecular techniques are the standard tool for the study of the taxonomic position and phylogenetic affinities of the lymnaeid genus Radix Montfort, 1810, and the majority of the European representatives of this taxon have been studied in this respect. However, a plethora of nominal species of Radix described from Northern Asia (Siberia and the Russian Far East) are still characterized only morphologically, raising some doubts concerning their validity. In this paper, we present the triple (morphological, molecular, and zoogeographical) evidence that there is at least one endemic species of Radix, Radix dolgini (Gundrizer and Starobogatov, 1979), widely distributed in Siberia and Western Mongolia. Phylogenetically, it is a sister species to the European R. labiata (Rossmaessler, 1835) [=R. peregra auct.], and their common ancestor most probably lived in the Pliocene, nearly 3.25Myr ago. Our results assume the existence of an extended dispersal barrier for freshwater hydrobionts between Europe and Siberia in the Late Pliocene that may be important for biogeographical explanations. Three other nominal Siberian species of Radix: R. kurejkae (Gundrizer and Starobogatov, 1979), R. gundrizeri (Kruglov and Starobogatov, 1983), and R. ulaganica (Kruglov and Starobogatov, 1983) proved to be the junior synonyms of R. dolgini.
分子技术是研究椎实螺属（Radix Montfort，1810）分类地位和系统发育亲缘关系的标准工具，该分类单元的大多数欧洲代表已在这方面得到研究。然而，从北亚（西伯利亚和俄罗斯远东地区）描述的大量椎实螺属名义物种仍仅通过形态学特征来界定，这引发了对其有效性的一些质疑。在本文中，我们提供了三重证据（形态学、分子学和动物地理学证据），证明至少有一种椎实螺属特有物种，即多尔金椎实螺（Radix dolgini，Gundrizer和Starobogatov，1979），广泛分布于西伯利亚和蒙古西部。在系统发育上，它是欧洲唇形椎实螺（R. labiata，Rossmaessler，1835）[=广义的R. peregra]的姐妹物种，它们的共同祖先很可能生活在上新世，距今约325万年。我们的研究结果假定在上新世晚期欧洲和西伯利亚之间存在一个对淡水水生生物来说延伸的扩散障碍，这可能对生物地理学解释很重要。另外三种名义上的西伯利亚椎实螺属物种：库雷伊卡椎实螺（R. kurejkae，Gundrizer和Starobogatov，1979）、贡德里泽椎实螺（R. gundrizeri，Kruglov和Starobogatov，1983）以及乌拉甘卡椎实螺（R. ulaganica，Kruglov和Starobogatov，1983）被证明是多尔金椎实螺的次异名。
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