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红树林在处理人为废水污染方面的范例。

Paradigms of mangroves in treatment of anthropogenic wastewater pollution.

机构信息

Australian Rivers Institute and School of Environment, Griffith University, Southport, Qld 4222, Australia.

Australian Rivers Institute and School of Environment, Griffith University, Southport, Qld 4222, Australia; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, 8 Dayangfang, Beiyuan, Anwai, Beijing 100012, PR China.

出版信息

Sci Total Environ. 2016 Feb 15;544:971-9. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.12.013. Epub 2015 Dec 17.

Abstract

Mangroves have been increasingly recognized for treating wastewater from aquaculture, sewage and other sources with the overwhelming urbanization trend. This study clarified the three paradigms of mangroves in disposing wastewater contaminants: natural mangroves, constructed wetlands (including free water surface and subsurface flow) and mangrove-aquaculture coupling systems. Plant uptake is the common major mechanism for nutrient removal in all the paradigms as mangroves are generally nitrogen and phosphorus limited. Besides, sediments accrete and provide substrates for microbial activities, thereby removing organic matter and nutrients from wastewater in natural mangroves and constructed wetlands. Among the paradigms, the mangrove-aquaculture coupling system was determined to be the optimal alternative for aquaculture wastewater treatment by multi-criterion decision making. Sensitivity analysis shows variability of alternative ranking but underpins the coupling system as the most environment-friendly and cost-efficient option. Mangrove restoration is expected to be achievable if aquaculture ponds are planted with mangrove seedlings, creating the coupling system.

摘要

随着城市化进程的迅猛推进,红树林在处理水产养殖、污水等各种来源的废水方面越来越受到重视。本研究阐明了红树林处理废水污染物的三种模式:天然红树林、人工湿地(包括自由水面和潜流湿地)和红树林-水产养殖耦合系统。植物吸收是所有模式中去除营养物质的主要共同机制,因为红树林通常受到氮和磷的限制。此外,沉积物的积累为微生物活动提供了基质,从而在天然红树林和人工湿地中从废水中去除有机物和营养物质。在这些模式中,通过多准则决策确定红树林-水产养殖耦合系统是水产养殖废水处理的最佳选择。敏感性分析表明替代方案的可变性,但支持耦合系统作为最环保和最具成本效益的选择。如果在水产养殖池塘中种植红树林幼苗,创造出耦合系统,就有望实现红树林的恢复。

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