基于理性行动理论的贫困农村地区彝族妇女孕产保健行为研究

[Research on maternal health behaviors for Yi-nationality women in poor rural areas based on the theory of reasoned action].

作者信息

Wu Yuju, Hao Gang, Sun Shuai, Chen Yuehui, Zhang Rui, Liu Qiaolan, Yang Yang, Zhou Huan

机构信息

West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.

Email:

出版信息

Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2015 Aug;49(8):710-5.

PMID:26733030

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To analyze the status of maternal health behaviors and it's risk factors for Yi-nationality women in poor rural areas of Sichuan province.

METHODS

In 2012, multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 14 villages of two poor counties in Liangshan Yi-nationality autonomous prefecture Sichuan province. At least 10 women who have infants aged 0-12 months were selected in each simple villages, a total of 284. The structured questionnaire was developed on the basis of the theory of reasoned action. Yi-nationality female college students were trained as investigators. Research indicators included prenatal care rate, hospital delivery rate, postpartum examination rate, socio-demographic characteristics, maternal health care knowledge. χ² test was used to compare the differences of above indicators among different groups. The structural equation model were used to statistical analyze.

RESULTS

In the 284 subject women, 51.7% (147/284) women owned more than 2 children, 41.6% (118/284) women were more than 30 years old, 87.3% (248/284) women were illiteracy. The prenatal care rate was 69.7% (197/284), the hospital delivery rate was 26.8% (76/284), and the postnatal check rate was 22.9% (65/284). The influence factors of maternal health behaviors included the number of children, age and education (χ² were 10.92, 13.24, 9.58; P values were 0.027, 0.004, 0.008, respectively).The structural equation model analysis results showed that the maternal health behaviors were directly or indirectly affected by subjective norms (β = 0.236, P < 0.001), women's cognition (β = 0.226, P = 0.020) and women's attitudes on maternal health behavior (β = 0.157, P = 0.001). Among subjective norms, women have high compliance to their husbands (β = 0.850, P < 0.001), their peers (β = 0.708, P < 0.001), and their mothers-in-law (β = 0.636, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION

There were still serious problems in maternal health behaviors for Yi-nationality women in poor rural areas. The main factors included not only the women's cognition and attitudes for maternal health, but also the attitudes of important social relationships.

摘要

目的

分析四川省贫困农村地区彝族妇女的孕产妇健康行为状况及其危险因素。

方法

2012年，采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法，选取四川省凉山彝族自治州两个贫困县的14个村。每个村至少选取10名有0-12个月婴儿的妇女，共284名。在合理行动理论的基础上编制结构化问卷。培训彝族女大学生作为调查员。研究指标包括产前检查率、住院分娩率、产后检查率、社会人口学特征、孕产妇保健知识。采用χ²检验比较不同组上述指标的差异。采用结构方程模型进行统计分析。

结果

在284名受试妇女中，51.7%（147/284）的妇女育有2个以上子女，41.6%（118/284）的妇女年龄超过30岁，87.3%（248/284）的妇女为文盲。产前检查率为69.7%（197/284），住院分娩率为26.8%（76/284），产后检查率为22.9%（65/284）。孕产妇健康行为的影响因素包括子女数量、年龄和教育程度（χ²分别为10.92、13.24、9.58；P值分别为0.027、0.004、0.008）。结构方程模型分析结果表明，孕产妇健康行为直接或间接受到主观规范（β = 0.236，P < 0.001）、女性认知（β = 0.226，P = 0.020）和女性对孕产妇健康行为的态度（β = 0.157，P = 0.001）的影响。在主观规范中，女性对丈夫（β = 0.850，P < 0.001）、同龄人（β = 0.708，P < 0.001）和婆婆（β = 0.636，P < 0.001）的依从性较高。