Mundy G R
University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio.
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 1989 Sep;18(3):795-806.
Hypercalcemia of malignancy is caused by different mechanisms in different types of tumors. In most solid tumors, increased bone resorption and decreased urine calcium excretion are responsible. However, in myeloma, increased bone resorption and decreased glomerular filtration are the cause. In most solid tumors, factors working in conjunction cause the hypercalcemic syndrome. In addition to PTHrP, these include transforming growth factor alpha, interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor, and lymphotoxin.
恶性肿瘤引起的高钙血症在不同类型的肿瘤中由不同机制导致。在大多数实体瘤中，骨吸收增加和尿钙排泄减少是其原因。然而，在骨髓瘤中，骨吸收增加和肾小球滤过减少是病因。在大多数实体瘤中，多种协同作用的因素导致了高钙血症综合征。除了甲状旁腺激素相关蛋白（PTHrP）外，这些因素还包括转化生长因子α、白细胞介素-1、肿瘤坏死因子和淋巴毒素。
