尼泊尔西部一所医学院基础科学本科医学生的自我药疗知识、态度和实践
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Self-Medication Among Basic Science Undergraduate Medical Students in a Medical School in Western Nepal.
作者信息
Gyawali Sudesh, Shankar P Ravi, Poudel Phanindra Prasad, Saha Archana
机构信息
Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Medical Sciences (MCOMS) , Deep height, Pokhara, Nepal .
Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Xavier University School of Medicine , Oranjestad, Aruba, Kingdom of the Netherlands .
出版信息
J Clin Diagn Res. 2015 Dec;9(12):FC17-22. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2015/16553.6988. Epub 2015 Dec 1.
INTRODUCTION
Studies have shown self-medication to be common among medical students. These studies are however, few in Nepal. The present study assessed knowledge, attitude, and practice of self-medication among second and fourth semesters' undergraduate medical students and studied differences in knowledge and attitude (if any) among different subgroups of the respondents.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a questionnaire among basic science medical students of Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Nepal. Semester of study, gender, age, nationality, and the profession of their parents were noted. Students' knowledge and attitude about self-medication was studied by noting their degree of agreement with a set of 40 statements using a Likert-type scale. The average scores and frequency of occurrence of particular behaviors among different categories of respondents were compared using appropriate statistical tests.
RESULTS
Two hundred and seventy-six of the 295 (93.6%) students participated. The mean (SD) knowledge, attitude, and total scores were 74.54 (6.92), 67.18 (5.68), and 141.73 (10.76) with maximum possible scores 100, 100 and 200, respectively. There was no significant difference in scores according to respondents' gender, age, and the profession of their parents. However, the mean knowledge, attitude and total scores were significantly different among students of different nationalities. Mean scores of fourth semester students were significantly higher compared to second semester students. There were differences in knowledge and total scores among students of different nationalities. Eighty two percent of respondents had self-medicated during the one year period preceding the study; 149 respondents (54%) shared that previous experience with the medicine was one of the information sources for self-medication. Prevalence of self-medication among respondents according to semester of study, gender, age, and profession of the parents was not significantly different. The use of self-medication was more common among Sri Lankan respondents compared to Nepalese. Painkillers (73.2%), antipyretics (68.8%), and antimicrobials (56.2%) were most commonly used for self-medication.
CONCLUSION
Students' knowledge and attitude about self-medication is good. The prevalence of self-medication among medical students was high.
引言
研究表明，自我药疗在医学生中很常见。然而，在尼泊尔，这类研究较少。本研究评估了本科二、四年级医学生自我药疗的知识、态度和行为，并研究了不同亚组受访者在知识和态度方面（若存在差异）的不同之处。
材料与方法
采用问卷调查的方式，对尼泊尔马尼帕尔医学院基础医学专业的学生进行了横断面调查。记录了学生的学习学期、性别、年龄、国籍以及其父母的职业。通过使用李克特量表记录学生对40条陈述的认同程度，研究学生对自我药疗的知识和态度。使用适当的统计检验比较不同类别受访者的平均得分以及特定行为的出现频率。
结果
295名学生中有276名（93.6%）参与了调查。知识、态度和总分的均值（标准差）分别为74.54（6.92）、67.18（5.68）和141.73（10.76），满分分别为100分、100分和200分。根据受访者的性别、年龄及其父母的职业，得分没有显著差异。然而，不同国籍学生的知识、态度和总分均值存在显著差异。四年级学生的平均得分显著高于二年级学生。不同国籍学生在知识和总分方面存在差异。82%的受访者在研究前一年进行过自我药疗；149名受访者（54%）表示，之前用药的经验是自我药疗的信息来源之一。根据学习学期、性别、年龄和父母职业划分，受访者中自我药疗的患病率没有显著差异。与尼泊尔受访者相比，斯里兰卡受访者中自我药疗更为常见。止痛药（73.2%）、退烧药（68.8%）和抗菌药（56.2%）是最常用于自我药疗的药物。
结论
学生对自我药疗的知识和态度良好。医学生中自我药疗的患病率较高。
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