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简短通讯:用于检测奶牛场副结核分枝杆菌的采样袜的评估

Short communication: Evaluation of sampling socks for detection of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis on dairy farms.

作者信息

Wolf R, Orsel K, De Buck J, Kanevets U, Barkema H W

机构信息

Amt der Steiermärkischen Landesregierung, 8010 Graz, Austria; Department of Production Animal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 4N1, Alberta, Canada.

Department of Production Animal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 4N1, Alberta, Canada.

出版信息

J Dairy Sci. 2016 Apr;99(4):2950-2955. doi: 10.3168/jds.2015-10279. Epub 2016 Feb 3.

Abstract

Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) causes Johne's disease, a production-limiting disease in cattle. Detection of infected herds is often done using environmental samples (ES) of manure, which are collected in cattle pens and manure storage areas. Disadvantages of the method are that sample accuracy is affected by cattle housing and type of manure storage area. Furthermore, some sampling locations (e.g., manure lagoons) are frequently not readily accessible. However, sampling socks (SO), as used for Salmonella spp. testing in chicken flocks, might be an easy to use and accurate alternative to ES. The objective of the study was to assess accuracy of SO for detection of MAP in dairy herds. At each of 102 participating herds, 6 ES and 2 SO were collected. In total, 45 herds had only negative samples in both methods and 29 herds had ≥1 positive ES and ≥1 positive SO. Furthermore, 27 herds with ≥1 positive ES had no positive SO, and 1 herd with no positive ES had 1 positive SO. Bayesian simulation with informative priors on sensitivity of ES and MAP herd prevalence provided a posterior sensitivity for SO of 43.5% (95% probability interval=33-58), and 78.5% (95% probability interval=62-93) for ES. Although SO were easy to use, accuracy was lower than for ES. Therefore, with improvements in the sampling protocol (e.g., more SO per farm and more frequent herd visits), as well as improvements in the laboratory protocol, perhaps SO would be a useful alternative for ES.

摘要

副结核分枝杆菌(MAP)可引发牛的副结核病,这是一种限制牛群生产的疾病。对感染牛群的检测通常使用粪便的环境样本(ES),这些样本是在牛舍和粪便储存区采集的。该方法的缺点是样本准确性受牛舍和粪便储存区类型的影响。此外,一些采样地点(如粪便泻湖)往往难以进入。然而,用于鸡群沙门氏菌检测的采样袜(SO)可能是一种易于使用且准确的ES替代方法。本研究的目的是评估SO在检测奶牛群中MAP的准确性。在102个参与研究的牛群中,每个牛群采集了6个ES样本和2个SO样本。总共,45个牛群的两种方法检测样本均为阴性,29个牛群的ES样本和SO样本中至少有1个呈阳性。此外,27个ES样本呈阳性的牛群中没有SO样本呈阳性,1个ES样本均为阴性的牛群中有1个SO样本呈阳性。基于ES敏感性和MAP牛群流行率的信息先验进行贝叶斯模拟,得出SO的后验敏感性为43.5%(95%概率区间=33-58),ES的后验敏感性为78.5%(95%概率区间=62-93)。虽然SO易于使用,但其准确性低于ES。因此,通过改进采样方案(如每个农场增加SO样本数量和更频繁地走访牛群)以及实验室方案,也许SO将成为ES的一种有用替代方法。

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