Oni-Orisan Akinwunmi, Kaushal Mayank, Li Wenjun, Leschke Jack, Ward B Douglas, Vedantam Aditya, Kalinosky Benjamin, Budde Matthew D, Schmit Brian D, Li Shi-Jiang, Muqeet Vaishnavi, Kurpad Shekar N
Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2016 Mar 8;11(3):e0150351. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150351. eCollection 2016.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have demonstrated alterations during task-induced brain activation in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. The interruption to structural integrity of the spinal cord and the resultant disrupted flow of bidirectional communication between the brain and the spinal cord might contribute to the observed dynamic reorganization (neural plasticity). However, the effect of SCI on brain resting-state connectivity patterns remains unclear. We undertook a prospective resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) study to explore changes to cortical activation patterns following SCI. With institutional review board approval, rs-fMRI data was obtained in eleven patients with complete cervical SCI (>2 years post injury) and nine age-matched controls. The data was processed using the Analysis of Functional Neuroimages software. Region of interest (ROI) based analysis was performed to study changes in the sensorimotor network using pre- and post-central gyri as seed regions. Two-sampled t-test was carried out to check for significant differences between the two groups. SCI patients showed decreased functional connectivity in motor and sensory cortical regions when compared to controls. The decrease was noted in ipsilateral, contralateral, and interhemispheric regions for left and right precentral ROIs. Additionally, the left postcentral ROI demonstrated increased connectivity with the thalamus bilaterally in SCI patients. Our results suggest that cortical activation patterns in the sensorimotor network undergo dynamic reorganization following SCI. The presence of these changes in chronic spinal cord injury patients is suggestive of the inherent neural plasticity within the central nervous system.
功能磁共振成像(fMRI)研究表明,脊髓损伤(SCI)患者在任务诱发的大脑激活过程中存在改变。脊髓结构完整性的中断以及由此导致的大脑与脊髓之间双向通信流的破坏,可能是观察到的动态重组(神经可塑性)的原因。然而,SCI对大脑静息态连接模式的影响仍不清楚。我们进行了一项前瞻性静息态fMRI(rs-fMRI)研究,以探索SCI后皮质激活模式的变化。经机构审查委员会批准,获取了11例完全性颈髓SCI患者(受伤后>2年)和9例年龄匹配的对照者的rs-fMRI数据。使用功能性神经影像分析软件对数据进行处理。以中央前回和中央后回作为种子区域,进行基于感兴趣区域(ROI)的分析,以研究感觉运动网络的变化。进行双样本t检验以检查两组之间的显著差异。与对照组相比,SCI患者在运动和感觉皮质区域的功能连接性降低。在左侧和右侧中央前回ROI的同侧、对侧和半球间区域均观察到这种降低。此外,SCI患者左侧中央后回ROI与双侧丘脑的连接性增加。我们的结果表明,SCI后感觉运动网络中的皮质激活模式会发生动态重组。慢性脊髓损伤患者中这些变化的存在提示了中枢神经系统内固有的神经可塑性。
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