Zhou Ying, Lower Elyse E, Li Huiping, Baughman Robert P
a Department of Internal Medicine , University of Cincinnati Medical Center , Cincinnati , OH , USA.
b Department of Respiratory Medicine , Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.
Expert Rev Respir Med. 2016;10(5):577-91. doi: 10.1586/17476348.2016.1164602. Epub 2016 Mar 28.
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease for which diagnosis relies on the integration of clinical, radiologic, laboratory, and pathologic information. Assessment of clinical features is an important part of the disease evaluation. Computer Tomography provides information not available on routine chest roentgenogram which can assist diagnosing and establishing extent of disease. Monitoring for pulmonary and extra-pulmonary disease facilitates disease management. Patients with quality of life affecting symptoms or threatened end organ damage require systemic treatment which can be recommended in a stepwise fashion. Here, we provide guidance for the initial assessment, disease monitoring, and treatment recommendations for pulmonary and extra pulmonary disease.
结节病是一种多系统疾病,其诊断依赖于临床、放射学、实验室和病理学信息的整合。临床特征评估是疾病评估的重要组成部分。计算机断层扫描提供了常规胸部X线片无法获得的信息,有助于诊断和确定疾病范围。监测肺部和肺外疾病有助于疾病管理。有影响生活质量的症状或终末器官损害风险的患者需要进行系统治疗,可按逐步方式推荐。在此,我们为肺部和肺外疾病的初始评估、疾病监测及治疗建议提供指导。