Virot E, Ponomarenko A, Dehandschoewercker É, Quéré D, Clanet C
LadHyX, CNRS UMR 7646, École Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France.
PMMH, CNRS UMR 7636, ESPCI, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France.
Phys Rev E. 2016 Feb;93(2):023001. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.93.023001. Epub 2016 Feb 2.
Data from storms suggest that the critical wind speed at which trees break is constant (≃42m/s), regardless of tree characteristics. We question the physical origin of this observation both experimentally and theoretically. By combining Hooke's law, Griffith's criterion, and tree allometry, we show that the critical wind speed indeed hardly depends on the height, diameter, and elastic properties of trees.
来自风暴的数据表明,树木折断时的临界风速是恒定的(约42米/秒),与树木的特征无关。我们从实验和理论两方面对这一观察结果的物理根源提出质疑。通过结合胡克定律、格里菲斯准则和树木异速生长关系,我们表明临界风速确实几乎不依赖于树木的高度、直径和弹性特性。