Zeng Qing-ping, He Bing-hui, Mao Qiao-zhi, Wu Yao-peng, Huang Qi, Li Yuan
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2015 Dec;36(12):4667-75.
The soil microbial community is an important part in soil ecosystem, and it is sensitive to the ecological environment. Phospholipid-derived fatty acids ( PLFA ) analysis was used to examine variations in soil microbial community diversity and its influencing factors. The results showed that: there existed 48 PLFAs that were significant in the soil samples from six altitudes. The PLFAs of six altitudes with the highest contents were i16:0, 10Me17:0, 10Me18:0 TBSA. The citrus forest exhibited richer soil PLFAs distribution both in type and amount than those in masson pine. The microbial activity and functional diversity of masson pine were increased with increasing altitudes, and citrus forest gradually decreased, the PLFA content of different microbial groups in each altitude were significantly different. The richness index, Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou evenness index of masson pine in low elevation were holistically higher than those in high elevation. However, the highest richness index of citrus forest was in low altitude, the highest Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou evenness index were in high altitude. The PLFAs content of different microbial groups were closely correlated to the soil enzyme activities and environmental factors. The PLFAs of bacteria, actinomycetes, G⁻ (Gram- positive), G⁺ (Gram-negative) were positively correlated with Ure(urease) , Ive(invertase) , CAT( catalase activity) and forest type, the PLFAs of fungi was significantly correlated with Ure, Ive, CAT, the PLFAs of bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, G⁻ , G⁺ were significantly negatively or less correlated with elevation. Ure, Ive, CAT, forest type and elevation are the pivotal factors controlling the soil microbial biomass and activities.
土壤微生物群落是土壤生态系统的重要组成部分，且对生态环境敏感。采用磷脂脂肪酸（PLFA）分析方法研究土壤微生物群落多样性的变化及其影响因素。结果表明：在六个海拔高度的土壤样品中，共检测到48种显著的PLFA。六个海拔高度中含量最高的PLFA分别为i16:0、10Me17:0、10Me18:0 TBSA。柑橘林土壤PLFA在种类和数量上的分布均比马尾松林更丰富。马尾松的微生物活性和功能多样性随海拔升高而增加，柑橘林则逐渐降低，各海拔不同微生物类群的PLFA含量差异显著。低海拔马尾松的丰富度指数、香农-威纳指数和皮洛均匀度指数总体高于高海拔。然而，柑橘林丰富度指数最高值出现在低海拔，香农-威纳指数和皮洛均匀度指数最高值出现在高海拔。不同微生物类群的PLFA含量与土壤酶活性和环境因子密切相关。细菌、放线菌、革兰氏阴性菌（G⁻）、革兰氏阳性菌（G⁺）的PLFA与脲酶（Ure）、蔗糖酶（Ive）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性及林型呈正相关，真菌的PLFA与脲酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶显著相关，细菌、真菌、放线菌、革兰氏阴性菌、革兰氏阳性菌的PLFA与海拔呈显著负相关或低度相关。脲酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶、林型和海拔是控制土壤微生物生物量和活性的关键因素。
