Miller Gabrielle F, Sliwa Sarah, Brener Nancy D, Park Sohyun, Merlo Caitlin L
Division of Population Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia.
Division of Population Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia.
J Adolesc Health. 2016 Jul;59(1):17-23. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.02.003. Epub 2016 Mar 23.
Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are a significant source of calories and added sugars for youth ages 14-18 years in the United States. This study examined the relationship between district-level policies and practices and students' consumption of regular soda, one type of SSB, in 12 large urban school districts.
Data from the 2012 School Health Policies and Practices Study and 2013 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System were linked by district. The outcome variable was soda consumption and exposure variables were district policies. We used multivariable logistic regression analyses to calculate adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) after controlling for student characteristics and district free/reduced-price meal eligibility.
About 18% of students reported consuming regular soda at least once per day. Most districts required high schools to have nutrition education, maintain closed campuses, and required/recommended that schools restrict promotional products and sale of beverages. Fewer districts required/recommended that schools offer healthful alternative beverages. Students in districts that restricted promotional products had lower odds of regular soda consumption (AOR = .84, 95% CI = .71-1.00), as did students in districts that restricted access to SSBs and offered healthful beverages when other beverages were available (AOR = .72, 95% CI = .54-.93, AOR = .76, 95% CI = .63-.91).
This study demonstrates that certain district-level policies are associated with student consumption of regular soda. These findings add to a growing consensus that policies and practices that influence the availability of healthier foods and beverages are needed across multiple settings.
在美国，含糖饮料是14 - 18岁青少年热量和添加糖的重要来源。本研究调查了12个大型城市学区的地区层面政策与实践和学生对常规苏打水（一种含糖饮料）的消费之间的关系。
2012年学校健康政策与实践研究以及2013年青少年风险行为监测系统的数据按学区进行了关联。结果变量是苏打水消费情况，暴露变量是地区政策。在控制了学生特征和学区免费/减价餐资格后，我们使用多变量逻辑回归分析来计算调整后的优势比（AOR）和95%置信区间（CI）。
约18%的学生报告每天至少饮用一次常规苏打水。大多数学区要求高中开展营养教育、维持封闭校园，并要求/建议学校限制促销产品和饮料销售。较少的学区要求/建议学校提供健康的替代饮料。限制促销产品的学区的学生饮用常规苏打水的几率较低（AOR = 0.84，95% CI = 0.71 - 1.00），限制获取含糖饮料并在有其他饮料时提供健康饮料的学区的学生也是如此（AOR = 0.72，95% CI = 0.54 - 0.93，AOR = 0.76，95% CI = 0.63 - 0.91）。
本研究表明，某些地区层面的政策与学生对常规苏打水的消费有关。这些发现进一步支持了一种越来越多的共识，即需要在多个环境中制定影响更健康食品和饮料供应的政策与实践。
