灾难奥运会：住院医师教育模式
Disaster Olympics: A Model for Resident Education.
作者信息
Daniel P, Gist R, Grock A, Kohlhoff S, Roblin P, Arquilla B
机构信息
1Emergency Medicine,SUNY Downstate Medical Center,Brooklyn,New YorkUSA.
2Department of Pediatrics,SUNY Downstate Medical Center,Brooklyn,New YorkUSA.
出版信息
Prehosp Disaster Med. 2016 Jun;31(3):237-41. doi: 10.1017/S1049023X16000212. Epub 2016 Apr 6.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to describe an educational method teaching Disaster Medicine to American Emergency Medicine (EM) physicians and to evaluate knowledge attainment using this method.
METHODS
This was an observational study using a pre-test and a post-test. A full-scale disaster exercise (FSE) was conducted at a large academic center with two hospitals in Brooklyn, New York (USA). Eighty-two EM residents (physicians in training, post medical school) participated in the study. Inclusion criteria for study participation was all EM residents training at the State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate at the time of the study. There were no exclusion criteria. The exercise was a disaster drill designed as "Olympic Games." Participants in the exercise took a pre-test and a post-test. The primary outcome of the study was the mean difference between pre-test and post-test scores of the study participants using independent sample t-tests. Secondary outcomes of the study were percent of critical actions met by the residents and the hospitals as measured by direct observation of trained study personnel during the exercise.
RESULTS
Mean resident post-test scores were higher than pre-test scores to a degree that was statistically significant (62% versus 53%; P =.002). The residents' performances ranged from 48% to 63% of objectives met. The hospitals' performances met 50% to 100% of their objectives.
CONCLUSION
The use of an Olympic Games format was an effective model for disaster education for physicians. The model allowed for evaluation of performance and protocols of participants and hospital systems, respectively, and may be used objectively to evaluate for areas of improvement. The Disaster Olympics drill was found to improve emergency preparedness knowledge in the population studied and may constitute a novel and efficacious methodology in disaster training. Daniel P , Gist R , Grock A , Kohlhoff S , Roblin P , Arquilla B . Disaster Olympics: a model for resident education. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2016;31(3):237-241.
目的
本研究旨在描述一种向美国急诊医学（EM）医生教授灾难医学的教育方法，并评估使用该方法后的知识掌握情况。
方法
这是一项采用前测和后测的观察性研究。在美国纽约布鲁克林的一个大型学术中心，有两家医院开展了一次全面灾难演习（FSE）。82名急诊医学住院医师（医学院毕业后正在接受培训的医生）参与了该研究。参与研究的纳入标准为在研究期间于纽约州立大学下州医学中心接受培训的所有急诊医学住院医师。无排除标准。此次演习是一场设计为“奥运会”形式的灾难演练。演习参与者进行了前测和后测。本研究的主要结果是通过独立样本t检验得出的研究参与者前测和后测分数的平均差异。本研究的次要结果是在演习期间由经过培训的研究人员直接观察测量得出的住院医师和医院达到关键行动的百分比。
结果
住院医师后测的平均分数高于前测分数，且差异具有统计学意义（62%对53%；P = 0.002）。住院医师的表现达到目标的比例在48%至63%之间。医院的表现达到其目标的50%至100%。
结论
采用奥运会形式是一种对医生进行灾难教育的有效模式。该模式分别允许对参与者和医院系统的表现及方案进行评估，并且可客观地用于评估改进领域。发现灾难奥运会演练提高了所研究人群的应急准备知识，并且可能构成灾难培训中的一种新颖且有效的方法。丹尼尔·P、吉斯特·R、格罗克·A、科尔霍夫·S、罗布林·P、阿基拉·B。灾难奥运会：住院医师教育的一种模式。《院前灾难医学》。2016年；31(3)：237 - 241。
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