THE ACUTE SCROTUM IN CHILDREN.

The acute scrotum syndrome is a medical-surgical emergency and the recognition of this condition by both healthcare professionals and the general population may result into the patients' coming in earlier for medical examination and into the preservation of the gonad in case of torsion. The purpose of this retrospective analytical research is to point out specific epidemiological aspects in pediatric patients suffering from acute scrotum, and to review the existing diagnosis and treatment options. The study included 208 patients, of whom 16 with vanishing testis and 192 with acute scrotum (torsion of testis 25.5%, torsion of the hydatid of Morgagni 68.2%, epididymoorchitis 5.2%). The torsion of the hydatid of Morgagni occurs in boys with a mean age of 10 years and it involves both testes equally, whereas the torsion of testis usually occurs around the age of 13 and is twice more common in the left gonad. Another significant difference between the two conditions is the inflammatory syndrome, which occurs in 45.4% of the children with torsion of testis versus only 18.2% in the torsion of hydatid. Only one out of six testes torted during the neonatal period could be saved (16.6%); the gonad preservation rate was as high as 68.2% in the group of patients with testis torsion occurring outside the neonatal period. These alarming data are accounted for by the non-recognition of the severity of the condition and by the delayed surgical therapy, which occurs on the average 20 hours after the testis torsion has set in. If the asepsis and antisepsis standards are observed, patients with torsion of the hydatid of Morgagni or torsion of testis require neither fluid sampling from the tunica vaginalis for culture, nor antibiotic therapy.