Goldstein N D, Eppes S C, Ingraham B C, Paul D A
Department of Pediatrics, Christiana Care Health System, Newark, DE, USA.
Value Institute, Christiana Care Health System, Newark, DE, USA.
J Perinatol. 2016 Sep;36(9):753-7. doi: 10.1038/jp.2016.71. Epub 2016 May 5.
Infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) are vulnerable to a variety of infections, and occupancy in the unit may correlate with risk of infection.
A retrospective cohort of infants admitted to the NICUs between 1997 and 2014. Survival analysis was used to model the relative hazard of sepsis infection in relation to two measures of occupancy: 1) the average census and 2) proportion of infants <32 weeks gestation in the unit.
There were 446 (2.3%) lab-confirmed cases of bacterial or fungal sepsis, which steadily declined over time. For each additional percentage of infants <32 weeks gestation, there was an increased hazard of 2% (hazard ratio 1.02, 95% confidence interval: 1.00, 1.03) over their NICU hospitalization. Census was not associated with risk for infection.
During times of a greater proportion of infants <32 weeks gestation in the NICU, enhanced infection-control interventions may be beneficial to further reduce the incidence of infections.
新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）中的婴儿易受多种感染，且在该病房的住院时间可能与感染风险相关。
对1997年至2014年间入住NICU的婴儿进行回顾性队列研究。生存分析用于模拟败血症感染的相对风险与两种住院率指标的关系：1）平均普查人数；2）该病房中孕周小于32周的婴儿比例。
有446例（2.3%）实验室确诊的细菌或真菌败血症病例，且随着时间推移病例数稳步下降。在NICU住院期间，孕周小于32周的婴儿每增加一个百分点，感染风险就增加2%（风险比1.02，95%置信区间：1.00，1.03）。普查人数与感染风险无关。
在NICU中孕周小于32周的婴儿比例较高时，加强感染控制干预措施可能有助于进一步降低感染发生率。
