INRA, UMR 1202 BIOGECO, 69 Route d'Arcachon, FR-33612, Cestas cedex, France; Université de Bordeaux, UMR 1202 BIOGECO, Bât B2, Allée G. St-Hilaire, CS50023, FR-33615, Pessac cedex, France.
INRA, UMR 1402 ECOSYS, F-78026, Versailles cedex, France; AgroParisTech, UMR 1402 ECOSYS, F-78850, Thiverval-Grignon, France.
Chemosphere. 2016 Aug;156:150-162. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.04.129. Epub 2016 May 10.
Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is a Cd/Zn-accumulator whereas soil conditioners such as biochars may immobilize trace elements. These potentially complementary soil remediation options were trialed, singly and in combination, in a pot experiment with a metal(loid)-contaminated technosol.
The technosol [total content in mg kg(-1) Zn 6089, Cd 9.4, Cu 110, and Pb 956] was either amended (2% w/w) or not with a poultry manure-derived biochar. Rapeseed was cultivated for both soil treatments during 24 weeks up to harvest under controlled conditions.
Biochar incorporation into the technosol promoted the As, Cd, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn solubility. It decreased foliar B, Cu and Mo concentrations, and Mo concentration in stems, pericarps and seeds. But, it did not impact neither the biomass of aerial rapeseed parts (except a decrease for seeds), nor their C (except a decrease for stems), seed fatty acid, seed starch and soluble sugar contents, and antioxidant capacity in both leaves and seeds. Biochar amendment increased the phytoextraction by aerial plant parts for K, P, and S, reduced it for N, Ca, B, Mo, Ni and Se, whereas it remained steady for Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, Cd and Co.
The biochar incorporation into this technosol did not promote Cd, Cu and Zn phytoextraction by rapeseed and its potential oilseed production, but increased the solubility of several metal(loid)s. Here Zn and Cd concentrations in the soil pore water were decreased by rapeseed, showing the feasibility to strip available soil Zn and Cd in combination with seed production.
油菜（甘蓝型油菜）是一种 Cd/Zn 积累植物，而土壤调理剂如生物炭可能会固定微量元素。这些潜在的互补土壤修复方法在一个受金属（类）污染的技术土壤的盆栽实验中进行了单独和组合试验。
该技术土壤[总含量，mg/kg Zn 6089、Cd 9.4、Cu 110 和 Pb 956]要么用鸡粪衍生的生物炭（2%w/w）进行改良，要么不改良。在控制条件下，油菜在这两种土壤处理下分别种植 24 周，直至收获。
生物炭的加入促进了技术土壤中 As、Cd、Cu、Mo、Ni、Pb 和 Zn 的可溶性。它降低了叶片 B、Cu 和 Mo 浓度，以及茎、果皮和种子中的 Mo 浓度。但是，它既没有影响地上部分油菜的生物量（除了种子减少），也没有影响 C（除了茎减少），种子脂肪酸、种子淀粉和可溶性糖含量，以及叶片和种子中的抗氧化能力。生物炭的加入增加了地上植物部分对 K、P 和 S 的植物提取，减少了 N、Ca、B、Mo、Ni 和 Se 的植物提取，而对 Mg、Zn、Fe、Mn、Cu、Cd 和 Co 则保持稳定。
生物炭的加入并没有促进油菜对 Cd、Cu 和 Zn 的植物提取及其潜在的油籽生产，但增加了几种金属（类）的可溶性。在这里，油菜降低了土壤孔隙水中的 Zn 和 Cd 浓度，表明与种子生产相结合，从土壤中去除有效 Zn 和 Cd 是可行的。
