Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia.
Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia.
Carbohydr Polym. 2016 Sep 5;148:11-20. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.04.055. Epub 2016 Apr 14.
Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) extracted from empty fruit bunches (EFB), stalk and spikelet were characterised through physicochemical and microstructure analyses. Raw stalk fibres yielded the highest cellulose content (42.43%), followed by EFB (32.33%) and spikelet (18.83%). Likewise, lowest lignin and residual oil content was reported in raw stalk fibres compared to EFB and spikelet. SEM revealed significant changes on fibres' surface morphology throughout the extraction process. FTIR analysis showed that main characteristic peaks of hemicellulose and lignin was absent on the extracted MCC. The crystallinity index for MCC extracted from EFB (82.5%), stalk (82.2%) and spikelet (86.5%) was comparable to commercial MCC (81.9%). Results suggested stalk fibres is more preferable for the production of MCC compared to EFB and spikelet. Further rheological studies showed viscoelastic behaviour with no significant differences between commercial and stalk-based MCC, while modelling work showed ability to simulate complex deformation of the MCC-hydrogel/food mixture during processing/handling stage.
从空果串（EFB）、茎和小穗中提取的微晶纤维素（MCC）通过物理化学和微观结构分析进行了表征。原茎纤维的纤维素含量最高（42.43%），其次是 EFB（32.33%）和小穗（18.83%）。同样，与 EFB 和小穗相比，原茎纤维的木质素和残余油含量最低。SEM 显示在整个提取过程中纤维表面形态发生了显著变化。FTIR 分析表明，从 EFB、茎和小穗中提取的 MCC 中不存在半纤维素和木质素的主要特征峰。从 EFB（82.5%）、茎（82.2%）和小穗（86.5%）中提取的 MCC 的结晶度指数与商业 MCC（81.9%）相当。结果表明，与 EFB 和小穗相比，茎纤维更适合 MCC 的生产。进一步的流变学研究表明，商业 MCC 和基于茎的 MCC 之间没有明显的粘弹性差异，而建模工作表明，在加工/处理阶段，能够模拟 MCC-水凝胶/食品混合物的复杂变形。
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