Vieira Bárbara F, Couto Pâmela T, Sancinetti Giselle P, Klein Bernhard, van Zyl Dirk, Rodriguez Renata P
a Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL) , Poços de Caldas , Brazil.
b Norman B. Keevil Institute of Mining Engineering, The University of British Columbia , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada.
J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2016 Aug 23;51(10):793-7. doi: 10.1080/10934529.2016.1181433. Epub 2016 May 24.
The successful use of anaerobic reactors for bioremediation of acid mine drainage has been shown in systems with neutral pH. However, the choice of an efficient and suitable process for such wastewater must consider the capability of operating at acidic pH and in the presence of metals. This work studies the performance of an anaerobic batch reactor, under conditions of varying initial pH for its efficiencies in sulfate removal and metal precipitation from synthetic acid mine drainage. The chemical oxygen demand/sulfate (COD/SO4(2-)) ratio used was 1.00, with ethanol chosen as the only energy and carbon source. The initial pH of the synthetic drainage was progressively set from 7.0 to 4.0 to make it as close as possible to that of real acid mine drainage. Metals were also added starting with iron, zinc, and finally copper. The effectiveness of sulfate and COD removal from the synthetic acid mine drainage increased as the initial pH was reduced. The sulfate removal increased from 38.5 ± 3.7% to 52.2 ± 3%, while the removal of organic matter started at 91.7 ± 2.4% and ended at 99 ± 1%. These results indicate that the sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) community adapted to lower pH values. The metal removal observed was 88 ± 7% for iron, 98.0 ± 0.5% for zinc and 99 ± 1% for copper. At this stage, an increase in the sulfate removal was observed, which reaches up to 82.2 ± 5.8%. The kinetic parameters for sulfate removal were 0.22 ± 0.04 h(-1) with Fe, 0.26 ± 0.04 h(-1) with Fe and Zn and 0.44 ± 0.04 h(-1) with Fe, Zn, and Cu.
厌氧反应器在中性pH值系统中已成功用于酸性矿山排水的生物修复。然而，对于此类废水选择高效且合适的工艺时，必须考虑在酸性pH值和有金属存在的情况下运行的能力。本研究考察了厌氧间歇式反应器在不同初始pH值条件下，从合成酸性矿山排水中去除硫酸盐和沉淀金属的效率。所用的化学需氧量/硫酸盐（COD/SO4(2-)）比值为1.00，选择乙醇作为唯一的能量和碳源。合成排水的初始pH值逐步从7.0调至4.0，使其尽可能接近实际酸性矿山排水的pH值。还依次添加了铁、锌，最后添加铜等金属。随着初始pH值降低，从合成酸性矿山排水中去除硫酸盐和COD的效果增强。硫酸盐去除率从38.5±3.7%提高到52.2±3%，而有机物去除率从91.7±2.4%开始，最终达到99±1%。这些结果表明硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）群落适应了较低的pH值。观察到的金属去除率分别为：铁88±7%、锌98.0±0.5%、铜99±1%。在此阶段，观察到硫酸盐去除率有所增加，最高可达82.2±5.8%。去除硫酸盐的动力学参数分别为：含铁时0.22±0.04 h(-1)、含铁和锌时0.26±0.04 h(-1)、含铁、锌和铜时0.44±0.04 h(-1)。
