Chen I-Tzu, Sessoms David A, Sherman Zachary, Choi Eugene, Vincent Olivier, Stroock Abraham D
Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and ‡Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.
J Phys Chem B. 2016 Jun 16;120(23):5209-22. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b01618. Epub 2016 Jun 8.
Liquid can sustain mechanical tension as its pressure drops below the vapor-liquid coexistence line and becomes less than zero, until it reaches the stability limit-the pressure at which cavitation inevitably occurs. For liquid water, its stability limit is still a subject of debate: the results obtained by researchers using a variety of techniques show discrepancies between the values of the stability limit and its temperature dependence as temperature approaches 0 °C. In this work, we present a study of the stability limit of water by the metastable vapor-liquid equilibrium (MVLE) method with nanoporous silicon membranes. We also report on an experimental system which enables tests of the temperature dependence of the stability limit with MVLE. The stability limit we found increases monotonically (larger tension) as temperature approaches 0 °C; this trend contradicts the centrifugal result of Briggs but agrees with the experiments by acoustic cavitation. This result confirms that a quasi-static method can reach stability values similar to that from the dynamic stretching technique, even close to 0 °C. Nevertheless, our results fall in the range of ∼ -20 to -30 MPa, a range that is consistent with the majority of experiments but is far less negative than the limit obtained in experiments involving quartz inclusions and that predicted for homogeneous nucleation.
当液体压力降至气液共存线以下并变为小于零时，液体能够承受机械张力，直至达到稳定极限——即不可避免地发生空化的压力。对于液态水而言，其稳定极限仍是一个有争议的话题：研究人员使用各种技术获得的结果表明，随着温度接近0°C，稳定极限值及其温度依赖性之间存在差异。在这项工作中，我们通过使用纳米多孔硅膜的亚稳态气液平衡（MVLE）方法对水的稳定极限进行了研究。我们还报告了一个实验系统，该系统能够通过MVLE测试稳定极限的温度依赖性。我们发现，随着温度接近0°C，稳定极限单调增加（张力更大）；这一趋势与布里格斯的离心结果相矛盾，但与声空化实验结果一致。这一结果证实，即使在接近0°C的情况下，准静态方法也能达到与动态拉伸技术相似的稳定值。然而，我们的结果落在约-20至-30MPa的范围内，该范围与大多数实验结果一致，但远低于涉及石英包裹体的实验中获得的极限值以及均匀成核预测的极限值。
