Abrahan Luciana, Gorla David, Catalá Silvia
Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas de La Rioja (CRILAR-CONICET), Entre Ríos y Mendoza s/n, Anillaco (5301), La Rioja, Argentina.
Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CC 495 (5000) Córdoba, Argentina.
J Vector Ecol. 2016 Jun;41(1):90-6. doi: 10.1111/jvec.12198.
Peridomestic structures are considered the main sites where Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) remain and disperse, representing the first risk factor for intradomestic invasion, even after vector control activities. This study analyzed T. infestans dispersal during vector control interventions in six rural houses of the arid Chaco (La Rioja, Argentina). Flying and walking dispersers were captured during five months of two consecutive warm seasons after insecticide spraying of intra- and peridomiciles. These data were compared with previous published data in the same scenario but without insecticide spraying in peridomiciles. Recorded climatic conditions were favorable for active dispersion during the study. Total number of T. infestans dispersers moving among domestic habitats decreased after insecticide spraying. Sylvatic triatomines T. guasayana, T. eratyrusiformis, T. garciabesi, and T. platensis, not targeted by insecticide spraying, were captured simultaneously within peridomestic areas and showed higher invasion pressure than T. infestans. Adult T. infestans peridomestic populations showed high nutritional status, indicating low dispersion probability. Some peridomiciles remained infested at the end of the study. However, no intradomiciles were recolonized. These results suggest that there is a low probability of intradomestic recolonization by active dispersion from peridomiciles during 15 months post-spraying.
家周结构被认为是骚扰锥蝽（半翅目：猎蝽科）栖息和扩散的主要场所，即使在病媒控制活动之后，它也是家庭内部入侵的首要风险因素。本研究分析了在阿根廷拉里奥哈干旱查科地区六所农村房屋进行病媒控制干预期间骚扰锥蝽的扩散情况。在对室内和家周环境喷洒杀虫剂后的两个连续温暖季节的五个月里，捕获了飞行和爬行的扩散个体。这些数据与之前在相同场景下但未对家周环境喷洒杀虫剂时发表的数据进行了比较。研究期间记录的气候条件有利于活跃扩散。喷洒杀虫剂后，在家庭栖息地之间移动的骚扰锥蝽扩散个体总数减少。未被杀虫剂针对的野生锥蝽物种，如瓜氏锥蝽、埃及锥蝽、加西亚锥蝽和普拉滕斯锥蝽，在家周区域内同时被捕获，并且显示出比骚扰锥蝽更高的入侵压力。家周环境中的成年骚扰锥蝽种群营养状况良好，表明扩散概率较低。在研究结束时，一些家周环境仍然受到侵扰。然而，没有室内环境被重新定殖。这些结果表明，在喷洒杀虫剂后的15个月内，通过家周环境的活跃扩散导致室内重新定殖的可能性较低。
