Khrunyk Yuliya, Schiewer Silke, Carstens Keri L, Hu Dingfei, Coats Joel R
a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of Alaska Fairbanks , Fairbanks , AK , USA.
b Department of Heat Treatment and Physics of Metals , Ural Federal University , Yekaterinburg , Russia.
Int J Phytoremediation. 2017 Feb;19(2):104-112. doi: 10.1080/15226514.2016.1193465.
Agrochemicals significantly contribute to environmental pollution. In the USA, atrazine is a widely used pesticide and commonly found in rivers, water systems, and rural wells. Phytoremediation can be a cost-effective means of removing pesticides from soil. The objective of this project was to investigate the ability of prairie grasses to remove atrazine. C-labeled atrazine was added to sterilized sand and water/nutrient cultures, and the analysis was performed after 21 days. Switchgrass and big bluestem were promising species for phytoremediation, taking up about 40% of the applied [C] in liquid hydroponic cultures, and between 20% and 33% in sand cultures. Yellow Indiangrass showed low resistance to atrazine toxicity and low uptake of [C] atrazine in liquid hydroponic cultures. Atrazine degradation increased progressively from sand to roots and leaves. Most atrazine taken up by prairie grasses from sand culture was degraded to metabolites, which accounted for 60-80% of [C] detected in leaves. Deisopropylatrazine (DIA) was the main metabolite detected in sand and roots, whereas in leaves further metabolism took place, forming increased amounts of didealkylatrazine (DDA) and an unidentified metabolite. In conclusion, prairie grasses achieved high atrazine removal and degradation, showing a high potential for phytoremediation.
农用化学品对环境污染有重大影响。在美国，阿特拉津是一种广泛使用的杀虫剂，常见于河流、水系和农村水井中。植物修复可能是一种从土壤中去除农药的经济有效方法。本项目的目的是研究草原草去除阿特拉津的能力。将碳标记的阿特拉津添加到灭菌的沙子和水/营养培养液中，并在21天后进行分析。柳枝稷和大须芒草是植物修复的有前景的物种，在液体水培中吸收了约40%的施用碳，在沙子培养中吸收了20%至33%。黄印第安草对阿特拉津毒性的耐受性较低，在液体水培中对碳阿特拉津的吸收也较低。阿特拉津的降解从沙子到根和叶逐渐增加。草原草从沙子培养中吸收的大部分阿特拉津被降解为代谢物，占叶片中检测到的碳的60 - 80%。去异丙基阿特拉津（DIA）是在沙子和根中检测到的主要代谢物，而在叶片中发生了进一步的代谢，形成了更多的去二烷基阿特拉津（DDA）和一种未鉴定的代谢物。总之，草原草实现了对阿特拉津的高效去除和降解，显示出植物修复的巨大潜力。
