Meyer M E, Schuna A A
William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Administration Hospital, Madison, WI 53705.
DICP. 1989 Feb;23(2):171-4. doi: 10.1177/106002808902300214.
The abilities of 93 geriatric patients (inpatients and outpatients) to perform medication-taking skills were assessed. These skills included the ability to read and interpret prescription labels, open and close vials, remove tablets, and identify tablet colors. The educational level and cognitive capacity using Jacobs' Cognitive Capacity Screening Examination (CCSE) was determined. The average age was 74.3 +/- 10.1 years. Eighty-nine of our participants were male. Age and educational level did not affect functional abilities. Fewer outpatients had problems interpreting prescription label directions than did inpatients. Patients who managed their own medications were more likely to be able to read and interpret labels, remove tablets, and identify colors (p less than 0.05). Patients with CCSE scores less than 20, indicating cognitive impairment, were less likely to correctly read and interpret labels and differentiate colors than patients without impairment. Motor skills (opening/closing vials, removing tablets) were not related to cognitive status. This functional tool was easily administered and was useful in the assessment of medication-taking skills in geriatric patients.
对93名老年患者（住院患者和门诊患者）的服药技能进行了评估。这些技能包括阅读和理解处方标签、打开和关闭药瓶、取出药片以及识别药片颜色的能力。使用雅各布斯认知能力筛查检查（CCSE）确定了教育水平和认知能力。平均年龄为74.3±10.1岁。我们的参与者中有89名男性。年龄和教育水平不影响功能能力。与住院患者相比，门诊患者在理解处方标签说明方面存在问题的较少。自行管理药物的患者更有可能能够阅读和理解标签、取出药片并识别颜色（p<0.05）。CCSE评分低于20分表明存在认知障碍的患者，与无认知障碍的患者相比，正确阅读和理解标签以及区分颜色的可能性较小。运动技能（打开/关闭药瓶、取出药片）与认知状态无关。这种功能工具易于实施，对评估老年患者的服药技能很有用。
