Busch Wibke, Schmidt Susanne, Kühne Ralph, Schulze Tobias, Krauss Martin, Altenburger Rolf
Department Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany.
Department Ecological Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2016 Aug;35(8):1887-99. doi: 10.1002/etc.3460. Epub 2016 Jun 14.
Environmental quality monitoring of water resources is challenged with providing the basis for safeguarding the environment against adverse biological effects from exposure to anthropogenic chemicals originating from diffuse and point sources. Although current regulatory efforts focus on monitoring and assessing a few legacy chemicals, many more anthropogenic chemicals are and will become detected in aquatic resources as a result of progress in analytical techniques. Assessing this type of exposure information based on available standard approaches from prospective risk assessment for single chemicals inevitably leads to indication of risk in most surface water bodies. As an alternative to generic assessment approaches, effect-based monitoring approaches are suggested. This offers the advantage of reducing uncertainties of effect extrapolation and additionally accounts for mixture effects. To become a credible complement to chemical monitoring information, however, a better understanding of the capabilities and gaps of available effect-based tools is needed. The authors therefore undertook to 1) compile organic contaminants detected in freshwater monitoring studies, 2) provide a synopsis of the mode of action knowledge available for the detected compounds, 3) perform a hazard ranking to identify priority mixtures, and 4) reflect on the challenges to make bioassays fit for effect-based monitoring. The present Focus article shows that chemical occurrence in European freshwaters seems to be highly variable in composition and relative abundancies. Further, although the present mode of action knowledge remains limited, the authors already see the need for batteries of effect-based tools if a more comprehensive coverage of prevailing effect qualities for mixtures is to be targeted. Finally, they suggest a list of organic compounds that could serve as a reference list for effect-based tool validation studies. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1887-1899. © 2016 SETAC.
水资源的环境质量监测面临着挑战，即要为保护环境免受来自分散和点源的人为化学物质暴露所产生的不利生物效应提供依据。尽管目前的监管工作侧重于监测和评估少数遗留化学物质，但由于分析技术的进步，在水生资源中将会检测到更多的人为化学物质。基于单一化学物质前瞻性风险评估的现有标准方法来评估这类暴露信息，不可避免地会在大多数地表水体中显示出风险迹象。作为通用评估方法的替代方案，有人提出了基于效应的监测方法。这具有减少效应外推不确定性的优点，并且还考虑了混合效应。然而，要成为化学监测信息的可靠补充，就需要更好地了解现有基于效应的工具的能力和差距。因此，作者着手进行以下工作：1）汇编淡水监测研究中检测到的有机污染物；2）概述所检测化合物的作用模式知识；3）进行危害排名以确定优先混合物；4）思考使生物测定适合基于效应监测的挑战。本焦点文章表明，欧洲淡水中的化学物质组成和相对丰度似乎高度可变。此外，尽管目前的作用模式知识仍然有限，但作者已经认识到，如果要更全面地涵盖混合物的主要效应性质，就需要一系列基于效应的工具。最后，他们提出了一份有机化合物清单，可作为基于效应的工具验证研究的参考清单。《环境毒理学与化学》2016年；35：1887 - 1899。© 2016 SETAC。
