Vargas Ashley J, Harris Curtis C
Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Room 3068A, MSC 425, 837 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4258, USA.
Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA.
Nat Rev Cancer. 2016 Aug;16(8):525-37. doi: 10.1038/nrc.2016.56. Epub 2016 Jul 8.
Precision medicine relies on validated biomarkers with which to better classify patients by their probable disease risk, prognosis and/or response to treatment. Although affordable 'omics'-based technology has enabled faster identification of putative biomarkers, the validation of biomarkers is still stymied by low statistical power and poor reproducibility of results. This Review summarizes the successes and challenges of using different types of molecule as biomarkers, using lung cancer as a key illustrative example. Efforts at the national level of several countries to tie molecular measurement of samples to patient data via electronic medical records are the future of precision medicine research.
精准医学依赖于经过验证的生物标志物,以便根据患者可能的疾病风险、预后和/或对治疗的反应更好地对患者进行分类。尽管基于 “组学” 的经济适用技术能够更快地识别潜在生物标志物,但生物标志物的验证仍然受到统计效力低和结果可重复性差的阻碍。本综述以肺癌作为关键示例,总结了使用不同类型分子作为生物标志物的成功经验与挑战。几个国家在国家层面通过电子病历将样本的分子检测与患者数据关联起来的努力,是精准医学研究的未来方向。