Goerl Kyle
University of Kansas School of Medicine Family and Community Medicine, 1010 N. Kansas, Wichita, KS 672147.
FP Essent. 2016 Jul;446:19-24.
Common overuse injuries of the hip include greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) and coxa saltans (ie, snapping hip). GTPS, previously called trochanteric bursitis, is a regional chronic pain syndrome. Etiologies include gluteal tendinitis or tendinosis, gluteal muscle or tendon tears, bursitis, meralgia paresthetica, iliotibial band disorders, and referred osteoarthritis pain. Treatment typically consists of activity modification and physical therapy (PT). Snapping hip can have multiple etiologies. Extra-articular etiologies include iliotibial band syndrome and iliopsoas snapping. Patients typically are treated with activity modification and PT. Intra-articular snapping usually is the result of chondral or acetabular labral injuries, and may require surgical intervention. Femoroacetabular impingement is an emerging etiology of hip pain. Patients commonly report anterior hip or groin pain with insidious onset. It results from cam-type impingement from an irregular shape of the femoral head-neck junction, pincer-type impingement from the acetabulum, or mixed-type impingement resulting from a combination of abnormalities. This atypical morphology can lead to labral tears or chondral injuries, which may manifest as painful clicking or popping. Treatments range from conservative, including activity modification, anti-inflammatory drugs, and PT, to surgical correction of the atypical morphology and addressing labral or chondral damage when present.
髋关节常见的过度使用损伤包括大转子疼痛综合征(GTPS)和跳跃征髋(即弹响髋)。GTPS以前称为转子滑囊炎,是一种局部慢性疼痛综合征。病因包括臀肌腱炎或肌腱病、臀肌或肌腱撕裂、滑囊炎、股外侧皮神经痛、髂胫束疾病以及牵涉性骨关节炎疼痛。治疗通常包括调整活动和物理治疗(PT)。弹响髋可能有多种病因。关节外病因包括髂胫束综合征和髂腰肌弹响。患者通常通过调整活动和PT进行治疗。关节内弹响通常是软骨或髋臼盂唇损伤的结果,可能需要手术干预。股骨髋臼撞击症是髋关节疼痛的一种新出现的病因。患者通常报告有隐匿性发作的髋关节前部或腹股沟疼痛。它是由股骨头-颈交界处不规则形状引起的凸轮型撞击、髋臼引起的钳夹型撞击或多种异常组合导致的混合型撞击所致。这种非典型形态可导致盂唇撕裂或软骨损伤,可能表现为疼痛性弹响。治疗方法从保守治疗,包括调整活动、使用抗炎药物和PT,到对非典型形态进行手术矫正以及在存在盂唇或软骨损伤时进行处理。