Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Regensburg, Hospital of the Barmherzige Brueder, Regensburg, Germany.
Lophius Biosciences GmbH, Regensburg, Germany.
J Med Virol. 2017 Feb;89(2):324-331. doi: 10.1002/jmv.24639. Epub 2016 Sep 7.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common congenital viral infection. Mother-to-child transmission can cause severe child disability. Intact CMV-specific cell-mediated immunity (CMI) was shown to prevent uncontrolled replication in healthy individuals. This study aimed to determine whether CMV-specific CMI is impaired in pregnant women, thus potentially increasing the overall risk for active CMV replication and transmission. CMV-specific CMI in peripheral blood of 60 pregnant women was determined using T-Track® CMV for detection of IE-1 and pp65-reactive effector cells by IFN-γ ELISpot, and compared to the CMV-IgG and -IgM serostatus. CMV-specific CMI was detected in 65% of CMV-seropositive pregnant women. Five percent of CMV-IgG seronegative women showed IE-1- but not pp65-reactive cells. The overall number of CMV-reactive cells in pregnant women was significantly lower compared to a matched non-pregnant control group (P < 0.001). No significant difference in CMV-specific CMI was detected in the course of the three trimesters of pregnancy of CMV-IgG seropositive women. Postpartum (median days postnatal = 123), IE-1- and pp65-specific CMI remained significantly lower than in the non-pregnant control group (P < 0.001 and 0.0032, respectively). Functional analysis of CMV-reactive immune cells using T-Track® CMV therefore suggests a systemic down-regulation of CMV-specific CMI in pregnant women. Further studies are needed to investigate whether this may be indicative of a higher susceptibility to CMV reactivation or transmission. J. Med. Virol. 89:324-331, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
巨细胞病毒（CMV）是最常见的先天性病毒感染。母婴传播可导致儿童严重残疾。完整的 CMV 特异性细胞介导免疫（CMI）已被证明可防止健康个体的失控复制。本研究旨在确定 CMV 特异性 CMI 是否在孕妇中受损，从而潜在增加 CMV 复制和传播的总体风险。使用 T-Track® CMV 通过 IFN-γ ELISpot 检测 IE-1 和 pp65 反应性效应细胞，检测 60 名孕妇外周血中的 CMV 特异性 CMI，并与 CMV-IgG 和 -IgM 血清状态进行比较。在 65%的 CMV 血清阳性孕妇中检测到 CMV 特异性 CMI。5%的 CMV-IgG 血清阴性妇女表现出 IE-1 但不是 pp65 反应性细胞。与匹配的非妊娠对照组相比，孕妇中 CMV 反应性细胞的总数明显较低（P < 0.001）。在 CMV-IgG 血清阳性孕妇的三个孕期中，CMV 特异性 CMI 没有明显差异。产后（产后中位数天数= 123），IE-1 和 pp65 特异性 CMI 仍明显低于非妊娠对照组（分别为 P < 0.001 和 0.0032）。使用 T-Track® CMV 对 CMV 反应性免疫细胞进行功能分析表明，孕妇的 CMV 特异性 CMI 存在全身性下调。需要进一步研究以探讨这是否表明对 CMV 再激活或传播的易感性增加。J. Med. Virol. 89:324-331, 2017。©2016 年 Wiley 期刊，Inc.
