母亲母乳喂养、过早引入非母乳以及学龄前儿童超重问题。

Maternal breastfeeding, early introduction of non-breast milk, and excess weight in preschoolers.

作者信息

Nascimento Viviane Gabriela, da Silva Janaína Paula Costa, Ferreira Patrícia Calesco, Bertoli Ciro João, Leone Claudio

机构信息

Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil.

Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde do Trairi, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Trairi, RN, Brasil.

出版信息

Rev Paul Pediatr. 2016 Dec;34(4):454-459. doi: 10.1016/j.rpped.2016.05.004. Epub 2016 Jun 16.

DOI:10.1016/j.rpped.2016.05.004

PMID:27452430

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5176066/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Investigate associations between excess weight in preschool children, breastfeeding duration and age of non-breast milk introduction.

METHODS

Cross-sectional study of a representative sample of 817 preschool children, aged 2 to 4 years, attending municipal day care centers in the city of Taubaté. The weight and height of children were measured in the day care centers in 2009, 2010 and 2011. The body mass index z-score (BMIz) was calculated and children were classified as risk of overweight (BMIz≥1 to<2) or excess weight (BMIz≥2). Data analysis was carried out by comparison of proportions, coefficient of correlation and multivariate linear regression.

RESULTS

The prevalence of risk of overweight was 18.9% and of excess weight (overweight or obesity) was 9.3%. The median duration of breastfeeding and age of introduction of non-breast milk was 6 months. The child's BMIz showed direct correlation with birth weight (r=0.154; p<0.001) and maternal Body Mass Index (BMI) (r=0.113; p=0.002). The correlation was inverse with the total duration of breastfeeding (r=-0.099; p=0.006) and age at non-breast milk introduction (r=-0.112; p=0.002). There was no correlation between the child's BMIz with birth length, duration of exclusive breastfeeding and mother's age.

CONCLUSIONS

The earlier the introduction of non-breast milk, the higher the correlation with excess weight at preschool age.

摘要

目的

调查学龄前儿童超重与母乳喂养持续时间及引入非母乳的年龄之间的关联。

方法

对817名年龄在2至4岁、就读于陶巴特市公立日托中心的学龄前儿童进行代表性抽样的横断面研究。2009年、2010年和2011年在日托中心测量儿童的体重和身高。计算体重指数z评分（BMIz），并将儿童分类为超重风险（BMIz≥1至<2）或超重（BMIz≥2）。通过比例比较、相关系数和多元线性回归进行数据分析。

结果

超重风险的患病率为18.9%，超重（超重或肥胖）患病率为9.3%。母乳喂养的中位持续时间和引入非母乳的年龄为6个月。儿童的BMIz与出生体重呈正相关（r = 0.154；p < 0.001）和母亲体重指数（BMI）呈正相关（r = 0.113；p = 0.002）。该相关性与母乳喂养的总持续时间呈负相关（r = -0.099；p = 0.006）和引入非母乳的年龄呈负相关（r = -0.112；p = 0.002）。儿童的BMIz与出生身长、纯母乳喂养持续时间和母亲年龄之间无相关性。