Laboratoire de Nanotechnologie et d'Instrumentation Optique, Institute Charles Delaunay, Université de Technologie de Troyes, UMR CNRS 6281 , 12 Rue Marie-Curie CS 42060, 10004 Cedex Troyes, France.
Centre de Recherches et d'Etudes Interdisciplinaires sur le Développement Durable, Institute Charles Delaunay, Université de Technologie de Troyes, UMR CNRS 6281 , 12 Rue Marie-Curie CS 42060, 10004 Cedex Troyes, France.
Environ Sci Technol. 2016 Sep 6;50(17):9370-9. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.5b06300. Epub 2016 Aug 12.
The lack of characterization factors (CFs) for engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) hampers the application of life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology in evaluating the potential environmental impacts of nanomaterials. Here, the framework of the USEtox model has been selected to solve this problem. On the basis of colloid science, a fate model for ENPs has been developed to calculate the freshwater fate factor (FF) of ENPs. We also give the recommendations for using the hydrological data from the USEtox model. The functionality of our fate model is proved by comparing our computed results with the reported scenarios in North America, Switzerland, and Europe. As a case study, a literature survey of the nano-Cu toxicology values has been performed to calculate the effect factor (EF). Seventeen freshwater CFs of nano-Cu are proposed as recommended values for subcontinental regions. Depending on the regions and the properties of the ENPs, the region most likely to be affected by nano-Cu is Africa (CF of 11.11 × 10(3) CTUe, comparative toxic units) and the least likely is north Australia (CF of 3.87 × 10(3) CTUe). Furthermore, from the sensitivity analysis of the fate model, 13 input parameters (such as depth of freshwater, radius of ENPs) show vastly different degrees of influence on the outcomes. The characterization of suspended particles in freshwater and the dissolution rate of ENPs are two significant factors.
用于工程纳米粒子（ENP）的特征化因子（CF）的缺乏阻碍了生命周期评估（LCA）方法在评估纳米材料潜在环境影响中的应用。在这里，选择了 USEtox 模型的框架来解决这个问题。基于胶体科学，开发了一种用于计算 ENP 的淡水命运因子（FF）的 ENP 命运模型。我们还为使用 USEtox 模型中的水文学数据提出了建议。通过将我们的计算结果与北美、瑞士和欧洲的报告情景进行比较，证明了我们命运模型的功能。作为案例研究，对纳米铜毒理学值的文献调查进行了计算效应因子（EF）的研究。提出了 17 个纳米铜的淡水 CF，作为亚大陆地区的推荐值。根据地区和 ENP 的特性，最有可能受到纳米铜影响的地区是非洲（CF 为 11.11×10（3）CTUe，比较毒性单位），而最不可能的是北澳大利亚（CF 为 3.87×10（3）CTUe）。此外，从命运模型的敏感性分析来看，13 个输入参数（如淡水深度、ENP 半径）对结果的影响程度有很大差异。悬浮颗粒在淡水中的特征化和 ENP 的溶解速率是两个重要因素。
