Denny Simon, Farrant Bridget, Utter Jennifer, Fleming Theresa, Bullen Pat, Peiris-John Roshini, Clark Terryann
Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
J Adolesc Health. 2016 Nov;59(5):555-561. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.07.012. Epub 2016 Sep 15.
Despite numerous calls to improve training in adolescent health, there is little known about the prevalence or effectiveness of specialized training in adolescent health.
A two-stage random sampling cluster design was used to collect nationally representative data from 8,500 students from 91 high schools. Student data were linked to data from a survey of school health clinicians from participating schools on their level of training in youth health. Multilevel models accounting for demographic characteristics of students were used to estimate the association between nurses and physicians training in youth health and health outcomes among students.
Almost all nurses and physicians reported some training in youth health, either having attended lectures or study days in youth health (n = 60, 80%) or completed postgraduate papers in youth health (n = 13, 17.3%). Students in schools where the nurses and physicians had received postgraduate training in youth health were less likely than students from schools with clinicians having attended lectures or study days in youth health to report emotional and behavior difficulties (11.8 vs. 12.7, p = .002) and binge drinking (19.6% vs. 24.9%, p = .03). There were no significant associations between depressive symptoms, suicide risk, cigarette, marijuana, contraception use, or motor vehicle risk behaviors among students and level of training among clinicians in their schools' health service.
Postgraduate training in youth health among nurses and physicians in school health services is associated with fewer students reporting mental health difficulties and binge alcohol use. These findings support specialized training in youth health for clinicians working predominantly with young people.
尽管多次呼吁改善青少年健康方面的培训，但对于青少年健康专业培训的普及率或有效性知之甚少。
采用两阶段随机抽样整群设计，从91所高中的8500名学生中收集具有全国代表性的数据。学生数据与参与学校的学校健康临床医生关于其青少年健康培训水平的调查数据相关联。使用考虑学生人口统计学特征的多层次模型来估计护士和医生在青少年健康方面的培训与学生健康结果之间的关联。
几乎所有护士和医生都报告接受过一些青少年健康方面的培训，要么参加过青少年健康讲座或学习日（n = 60，80%），要么完成了青少年健康方面的研究生论文（n = 13，17.3%）。与护士和医生仅参加过青少年健康讲座或学习日的学校的学生相比，护士和医生接受过青少年健康研究生培训的学校的学生报告情绪和行为困难的可能性较小（11.8%对12.7%，p = 0.002），酗酒的可能性也较小（19.6%对24.9%，p = 0.03）。学生的抑郁症状、自杀风险、吸烟、使用大麻、避孕或机动车风险行为与学校健康服务中临床医生的培训水平之间没有显著关联。
学校健康服务中的护士和医生接受青少年健康研究生培训与报告心理健康困难和酗酒的学生较少有关。这些发现支持为主要与年轻人打交道的临床医生提供青少年健康方面的专业培训。
