Cirillo R A, Horel J A, George P J
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, State University of New York Health Science Center, Syracuse 13210.
Behav Brain Res. 1989 Aug 1;34(1-2):55-69. doi: 10.1016/s0166-4328(89)80090-7.
Resection of the medial temporal lobes in humans produces an anterograde amnesia in which past memories are seemingly intact, but the ability to form new memories is compromised. Efforts to reproduce these symptoms in animals have relied extensively on the delayed non-match-to-sample (DNMS) and the delayed match-to-sample (DMS) tasks. DNMS deficits have been found with combined damage to the amygdala and hippocampus, but not to the adjacent white matter (the temporal stem) that connects the temporal cortex to other brain areas. DMS deficits are, however, produced by lesions to either the anteroventral temporal cortex or the orbital frontal cortex. These two areas are interconnected through the anterior temporal stem. The present study examined the hypothesis that an anterior temporal stem lesion would impair DMS in monkeys. The anterior extreme of the temporal stem was transected in 4 Macaca fascicularis and resulted in a powerful deficit on DMS at all delays. Postoperative retention of preoperatively learned visual discriminations and postoperative learning of new visual discriminations were not reliably impaired.
切除人类的内侧颞叶会导致顺行性遗忘，即过去的记忆看似完好无损，但形成新记忆的能力却受到损害。在动物身上重现这些症状的研究，广泛依赖于延迟非匹配样本（DNMS）和延迟匹配样本（DMS）任务。已发现，杏仁核和海马体联合受损会导致DNMS缺陷，但连接颞叶皮质与其他脑区的相邻白质（颞叶干）受损则不会。然而，腹侧前颞叶皮质或眶额叶皮质受损会导致DMS缺陷。这两个区域通过前颞叶干相互连接。本研究检验了这样一个假设：颞叶干损伤会损害猴子的DMS。对4只猕猴切断了颞叶干的前端，结果在所有延迟情况下DMS都出现了严重缺陷。术前习得的视觉辨别能力在术后得以保留，术后学习新的视觉辨别能力也未受到可靠损害。
