MIT AgeLab and New England University Transportation Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Collaborative Safety Research Center, TEMA, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2018 Sep 20;73(7):1190-1197. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbw131.
Research has established that long off-road glances increase crash risk, and other work has shown increased off-road glance behavior in older drivers. This study investigated the relationship between older drivers' (M = 66.3, range 61-69 years) cognitive abilities and the duration of off-road glances while engaged in secondary visual-manual activities.
Twenty-two drivers completed the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) prior to driving an instrumented vehicle and completing a set of radio-tuning tasks. Glance behavior was recorded and manually coded into 7 glance regions (toward the forward roadway, instrument cluster, center stack, rearview mirror, left, right, and other).
On average, older drivers with higher MoCA scores used shorter glances and glanced away from the forward roadway for less total time when manually tuning the radio.
These findings suggest that lower MoCA scores may represent a driving force behind the "age" differences reported in earlier studies of off-road glance behavior. Questions are raised concerning the identification of MoCA scores that might be used as inclusion cut-points in driving research and in identifying individuals needing further evaluation related to suitability for continuance of driving.
研究已经证实，长时间的道路外注视会增加事故风险，其他研究也表明，老年驾驶员的道路外注视行为增加。本研究调查了老年驾驶员（M=66.3，年龄范围 61-69 岁）认知能力与从事次要视觉-手动活动时道路外注视持续时间之间的关系。
22 名驾驶员在驾驶仪器化车辆并完成一组无线电调谐任务之前完成了蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA）。注视行为被记录下来，并手动编码为 7 个注视区域（向前的道路、仪表组、中央堆栈、后视镜、左侧、右侧和其他）。
平均而言，MoCA 得分较高的老年驾驶员在手动调谐收音机时，使用的短注视和离开前向道路的总时间较少。
这些发现表明，MoCA 得分较低可能是早期研究中报告的道路外注视行为“年龄”差异背后的驱动力。提出了关于 MoCA 得分的识别问题，这些得分可能被用作驾驶研究中的纳入切点，并识别出需要进一步评估是否适合继续驾驶的个体。
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