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美国印第安社区中的惊恐发作和惊恐障碍

Panic attacks and panic disorder in the American Indian community.

作者信息

Sawchuk Craig N, Roy-Byrne Peter, Noonan Carolyn, Craner Julia R, Goldberg Jack, Manson Spero, Buchwald Dedra

机构信息

Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, United States.

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, United States.

出版信息

J Anxiety Disord. 2017 May;48:6-12. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2016.10.004. Epub 2016 Oct 5.

Abstract

Panic disorder is a common mental health condition, but little is known about panic disorder in non-Caucasian populations. The purpose of this study is to describe the epidemiology, clinical features, and comorbidities of panic attacks and panic disorder in two large American Indian (AI) tribes (N=3084). A culturally-adapted version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview assessed panic attacks, panic disorder, and various psychiatric comorbidities. After adjusting for age, gender, and tribe, linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted to compare AIs with panic disorder to those with panic attacks only on clinical characteristics and panic symptoms. Approximately 8.5% (N=234) of American Indians reported a lifetime history of panic attacks. Among individuals with panic attacks, comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder was higher in females (p=0.03) and comorbid alcohol-related disorders were higher in males (p≤0.001). The prevalence and clinical features of panic attacks and panic disorder in American Indians were similar to epidemiologic studies with majority populations. However, in contrast to earlier research, panic symptoms were similar in both males and females, and different patterns of comorbidity emerged. Future research should examine the availability and accessibility of evidence-based panic treatments for this traditionally underserved population.

摘要

惊恐障碍是一种常见的心理健康状况,但对于非白种人群中的惊恐障碍却知之甚少。本研究的目的是描述两个大型美国印第安(AI)部落(N = 3084)中惊恐发作及惊恐障碍的流行病学、临床特征和共病情况。一个经过文化改编的《综合国际诊断访谈》版本用于评估惊恐发作、惊恐障碍及各种精神共病情况。在对年龄、性别和部落进行调整后,进行线性和逻辑回归分析,以比较患有惊恐障碍的美国印第安人与仅患有惊恐发作的美国印第安人在临床特征和惊恐症状方面的差异。约8.5%(N = 234)的美国印第安人报告有惊恐发作的终生病史。在患有惊恐发作的个体中,女性的共病创伤后应激障碍发生率更高(p = 0.03),男性的共病酒精相关障碍发生率更高(p≤0.001)。美国印第安人中惊恐发作和惊恐障碍的患病率及临床特征与针对多数人群的流行病学研究相似。然而,与早期研究不同的是,男性和女性的惊恐症状相似,且出现了不同的共病模式。未来的研究应考察针对这个传统上未得到充分服务人群的循证惊恐治疗方法的可获得性和可及性。

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