Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Toluca, Mexico.
National Coordination of the de Preservation of Cultural Heritage, National Institute of Anthropology and History, Mexico DF, Mexico.
Int Microbiol. 2016 Mar;19(1):15-26. doi: 10.2436/20.1501.01.259.
The use of native strains of microorganisms from soils is an excellent option for bioremediation. To our knowledge, until now there has been no other group working on the isolation of Actinobacteria from contaminated soils in Mexico. In this study, samples of soils close to areas with oil activity in the State of Veracruz, Mexico, were inoculated for the isolation of Actinobacteria. The strains isolated were characterized morphologically, and the concentrations of NaCl and pH were determined for optimal growth. Strain selection was performed by the detection of a phylogenetic marker for Actinobacteria located at the 23S rRNA gene, followed by species identification by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. Several haloalkalitolerant Actinobacteria were isolated and identified as: Kocuria rosea, K. palustris, Microbacterium testaceum, Nocardia farcinica and Cellulomonas denverensis. Except for C. denverensis, the biomass of all strains increased in the presence of anthracene. The strains capacity to metabolize anthracene (at 48 h), determined by fluorescence emission, was in the range of 46-54%. During this time, dihydroxy aromatic compounds formed, characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy bands of 1205 cm-1 and 1217 cm-1. Those Actinobacteria are potentially useful for the bioremediation of saline and alkaline environments contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds. [Int Microbiol 2016; 19(1):15-26].
利用土壤中本土微生物菌株是生物修复的一个极好选择。据我们所知，到目前为止，还没有其他研究小组致力于从墨西哥受污染土壤中分离放线菌。在这项研究中，从墨西哥韦拉克鲁斯州靠近石油活动区的土壤样本中接种了用于分离放线菌的样本。对分离出的菌株进行了形态学特征描述，并测定了 NaCl 和 pH 值以确定最佳生长浓度。通过检测位于 23S rRNA 基因上的放线菌的系统发育标记物，然后通过测序 16S rRNA 基因进行物种鉴定，进行了菌株选择。分离并鉴定出几种耐盐碱性的放线菌：玫瑰色微球菌、沼泽微球菌、微杆菌、小诺卡氏菌和纤维单胞菌。除了 C. denverensis 外，所有菌株在蒽存在下生物量增加。通过荧光发射测定，所有菌株在 48 小时内代谢蒽的能力在 46-54%之间。在此期间，形成了二羟基芳香族化合物，其特征在于衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱带 1205 cm-1 和 1217 cm-1。这些放线菌可能对生物修复受多环芳烃化合物污染的盐碱环境有用。[国际微生物学杂志 2016;19(1):15-26]。
