Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna IRCCS, 40139 Bologna, Italy.
Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; Interdepartmental Centre 'L. Galvani' (CIG), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2017 Mar;28(3):199-212. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2016.09.005. Epub 2016 Oct 24.
'Inflammaging' refers to the chronic, low-grade inflammation that characterizes aging. Inflammaging is macrophage centered, involves several tissues and organs, including the gut microbiota, and is characterized by a complex balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory responses. Based on literature data, we argue that the major source of inflammatory stimuli is represented by endogenous/self, misplaced, or altered molecules resulting from damaged and/or dead cells and organelles (cell debris), recognized by receptors of the innate immune system. While their production is physiological and increases with age, their disposal by the proteasome via autophagy and/or mitophagy progressively declines. This 'autoreactive/autoimmune' process fuels the onset or progression of chronic diseases that can accelerate and propagate the aging process locally and systemically. Consequently, inflammaging can be considered a major target for antiaging strategies.
“炎症衰老”是指衰老的特征性慢性、低度炎症。炎症衰老以巨噬细胞为中心，涉及包括肠道微生物群在内的几个组织和器官，其特征是促炎和抗炎反应之间存在复杂的平衡。基于文献数据，我们认为炎症刺激的主要来源是由受损和/或死亡细胞和细胞器（细胞碎片）产生的内源性/自身、错位或改变的分子，这些分子被先天免疫系统的受体识别。虽然它们的产生是生理性的，并随着年龄的增长而增加，但它们通过自噬和/或线粒体自噬被蛋白酶体清除的能力逐渐下降。这种“自身反应性/自身免疫”过程会引发或促进慢性疾病的发生或进展，这些疾病会在局部和全身加速和传播衰老过程。因此，炎症衰老可以被认为是抗衰老策略的主要目标。
