Kozak Andrea T, Davis Jessica, Brown Ryan, Grabowski Matthew
Department of Psychology, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA.
Department of Psychology, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA.
Obes Res Clin Pract. 2017 May-Jun;11(3):287-298. doi: 10.1016/j.orcp.2016.09.010. Epub 2016 Oct 25.
Low distress tolerance (DT) is an inability to handle negative emotions. There is strong support for the connection between low DT and substance addiction, which suggests that the former might be related to food addiction (FA). Previous work found that low DT was related to overeating in a college sample. The current study had two primary aims: (1) to determine whether low DT is associated with overeating in a sample of participants with diverse races and incomes, and (2) to investigate the relationships among DT and body mass index (BMI) as well as DT and FA symptoms. DT as a moderator of the association between general overeating and FA was also explored.
One hundred and ninety residents of Metropolitan Detroit communities (mean age: 41.71; 45.8% male; 34.7% non-White race; 47.4% with obesity) completed the DT Scale, Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire, Three Factor Eating Questionnaire, and Yale FA Scale. BMI was based on measured weight and height.
After adjusting for covariates, linear regression models found significant negative relationships between DT and emotional eating (P<0.001), external eating (P<0.001), disinhibition (P<0.001), FA (P<0.001), and BMI (P<0.01). DT was determined to be a moderator, such that among individuals who endorsed high levels of overeating, those with low DT reported more FA symptoms than those with high DT.
These findings suggest interventions targeting low DT should be considered to reduce overeating, which is a precursor and maintenance factor of obesity and FA.
低痛苦耐受力（DT）是指无法应对负面情绪。有充分证据支持低DT与物质成瘾之间的联系，这表明前者可能与食物成瘾（FA）有关。先前的研究发现，在大学生样本中，低DT与暴饮暴食有关。本研究有两个主要目的：（1）确定在不同种族和收入的参与者样本中，低DT是否与暴饮暴食有关；（2）研究DT与体重指数（BMI）以及DT与FA症状之间的关系。还探讨了DT作为一般暴饮暴食与FA之间关联的调节因素。
底特律都会区社区的190名居民（平均年龄：41.71岁；45.8%为男性；34.7%为非白人种族；47.4%患有肥胖症）完成了DT量表、荷兰饮食行为问卷、三因素饮食问卷和耶鲁FA量表。BMI基于测量的体重和身高。
在调整协变量后，线性回归模型发现DT与情绪化进食（P<0.001）、外部进食（P<0.001）、去抑制（P<0.001）、FA（P<0.001）和BMI（P<0.01）之间存在显著负相关。DT被确定为一个调节因素，即在认可高水平暴饮暴食的个体中，低DT者比高DT者报告更多的FA症状。
这些发现表明，应考虑针对低DT的干预措施，以减少暴饮暴食，暴饮暴食是肥胖和FA的先兆和维持因素。
