Huang Jing, Liu Jianzhou, Chen-Xiao Kevin, Zhang Xuemei, Lee W N Paul, Go Vay Liang W, Xiao Gary Guishan
School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China.
Harbor-University of California Los Angeles Research and Education Institute, UCLA School of Medicine, Torrance, CA 90502 USA.
Biomark Res. 2016 Oct 22;4:20. doi: 10.1186/s40364-016-0074-3. eCollection 2016.
Pancreatic cancer is characterized as a disease with low survival and high mortality because of no effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies available in clinic. Conventional clinical diagnostic methods including serum markers and radiological imaging (CT, MRI, EUS, etc.) often fail to detect precancerous or early stage lesions. Development of effective biomarkers is unmet for reduction of mortality of pancreatic cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-protein-coding RNAs playing roles in regulation of cell physiology including tumorigenesis, apoptotic escape, proliferation, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), metastasis and chemoresistance. Various altered signaling pathways involving in molecular pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer are mediated by miRNAs as a role of either oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Among biomarkers developed including protein, metabolites, DNA, RNA, epigenetic mutation, miRNAs are superior because of its unique chemical property. Recent study suggests that miRNAs may be promising biomarkers used for early detection of pancreatic cancer. This review will update the progression made in early detection of pancreatic cancer.
由于临床上缺乏有效的诊断和治疗策略，胰腺癌具有低生存率和高死亡率的特点。包括血清标志物和放射影像学检查（CT、MRI、EUS等）在内的传统临床诊断方法常常无法检测出癌前病变或早期病变。开发有效的生物标志物对于降低胰腺癌死亡率的需求尚未得到满足。微小RNA（miRNA）是一类小的非蛋白质编码RNA，在细胞生理调节中发挥作用，包括肿瘤发生、凋亡逃逸、增殖、侵袭、上皮-间质转化（EMT）、转移和化疗耐药。miRNA作为癌基因或肿瘤抑制因子，介导了胰腺癌分子发病机制中各种改变的信号通路。在已开发的包括蛋白质、代谢物、DNA、RNA、表观遗传突变等生物标志物中，miRNA因其独特的化学性质而具有优势。最近的研究表明，miRNA可能是用于早期检测胰腺癌的有前景的生物标志物。本综述将更新胰腺癌早期检测方面取得的进展。
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