人类感知中的时间恒常性。

Time constancy in human perception.

作者信息

Lisi Matteo, Gorea Andrei

机构信息

Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, FranceCNRS, Laboratoire Psychologie de la Perception, UMR 8242, Paris

Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, FranceCNRS, Laboratoire Psychologie de la Perception, UMR 8242, Paris France.

出版信息

J Vis. 2016 Nov 1;16(14):3. doi: 10.1167/16.14.3.

Abstract

Estimated time contracts or dilates depending on many visual-stimulation attributes (size, speed, etc.). Here we show that when such attributes are jointly modulated so as to respect the rules of perspective, their effect on the perceived duration of moving objects depends on the presence of contextual information about viewing distance. We show that perceived duration contracts and dilates with changes in the retinal input associated with increasing distance from the observer only when the moving objects are presented in the absence of information about the viewing distance. When this information (in the form of linear perspective cues) is present, the time-contraction/dilation effect is eliminated and time constancy is preserved. This is the first demonstration of a perceptual time constancy, analogous to size constancy but in the time domain. It points to a normalization of time computation operated by the visual brain when stimulated within a quasi-ecological environment.

摘要

估计时间会根据许多视觉刺激属性(大小、速度等)而收缩或扩张。我们在此表明,当这些属性被联合调制以符合透视规则时,它们对移动物体感知持续时间的影响取决于关于观察距离的上下文信息的存在。我们表明,只有当移动物体在没有关于观察距离的信息的情况下呈现时,感知持续时间才会随着与观察者距离增加相关的视网膜输入变化而收缩和扩张。当此信息(以线性透视线索的形式)存在时,时间收缩/扩张效应被消除,时间恒常性得以保留。这是感知时间恒常性的首次证明,类似于大小恒常性,但在时间领域。它指出了在准生态环境中受到刺激时视觉大脑对时间计算的一种归一化。

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