Guidoccio Federica, Grosso Mariano, Orsini Federica, Boni Giuseppe, Mariani Giuliano, Volterrani Duccio
Regional Center of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy..
Curr Pediatr Rev. 2016;12(4):253-264. doi: 10.2174/1573396312666161031162436.
The purpose of this review is to provide a reappraisal of the diagnostic imaging procedures for thyroid carcinoma in pediatric patients, including thyroid ultrasound (US), ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), scintigraphy, radiological techniques (CT, MR), and PET/CT. The most frequent indication for thyroid imaging is characterization of a palpable mass in the neck or thyroid gland. Thyroid US is a first-line examination for visualizing the thyroid gland as it provides anatomic and perfusion information; on the other hand, scintigraphy mostly provides functional information but combined with some anatomic information as well. CT and MRI have a supplemental role in these patients. Furthermore, with the introduction of PET/CT and the development of new imaging agents, nuclear medicine plays an important role in different phases of neoplastic disease in terms of both staging and evaluation of response to medical/surgical treatments.
本综述的目的是重新评估儿科患者甲状腺癌的诊断成像程序,包括甲状腺超声(US)、超声引导下细针穿刺活检(FNAB)、闪烁扫描、放射学技术(CT、MR)以及PET/CT。甲状腺成像最常见的指征是对颈部或甲状腺可触及肿块的特征进行描述。甲状腺超声是可视化甲状腺的一线检查方法,因为它能提供解剖和灌注信息;另一方面,闪烁扫描主要提供功能信息,但也结合了一些解剖信息。CT和MRI在这些患者中起辅助作用。此外,随着PET/CT的引入和新型成像剂的开发,核医学在肿瘤疾病的不同阶段,无论是分期还是对药物/手术治疗反应的评估方面都发挥着重要作用。